Meeusen E N
Centre for Animal Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1998 May 15;63(1-2):157-66. doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00092-0.
Most lymphocytes migrate continuously between the blood and lymphatic system. This migration does not occur randomly and shows some bias for specific tissue compartments. In particular, CD4+ memory T cells have been shown to preferentially migrate to either peripheral or mucosal lymph nodes depending on their site of origin. The selective migration of lymphocytes into lymph nodes is facilitated by the differential expression of adhesion molecules on the lymphocyte surface interacting with their respective ligands on endothelial cells lining the capillary vessels. The acquisition of these 'mucosal' or 'peripheral' homing receptors was thought to be dictated by the particular tissue site in which lymphocyte were activated. A large amount of recent experimentation has shown that memory T cells generated against infectious agents can have different functional phenotypes as determined by their cytokine secretion patterns. Two of these distinct functional phenotypes. Th1 and Th2 cells, are differentially induced in peripheral and mucosal lymph nodes and recent data has suggested that the observed tissue-specific migration of memory T cells may be determined by this functional phenotype rather than the site of activation. Data in support of this new hypothesis are presented in this paper. In addition, as both the functional and surface phenotype of lymphocytes is dependent on local hormonal and cytokine environments, lymphocyte migration patterns may be manipulated by vaccination and infection.
大多数淋巴细胞在血液和淋巴系统之间持续迁移。这种迁移并非随机发生，而是对特定组织区室存在一定偏向性。特别是，已表明CD4+记忆T细胞根据其起源部位优先迁移至外周或黏膜淋巴结。淋巴细胞表面黏附分子与毛细血管内皮细胞上各自配体相互作用的差异表达促进了淋巴细胞选择性迁移至淋巴结。这些“黏膜”或“外周”归巢受体的获得被认为取决于淋巴细胞被激活的特定组织部位。最近大量实验表明，针对感染因子产生的记忆T细胞根据其细胞因子分泌模式可具有不同的功能表型。其中两种不同的功能表型，即Th1和Th2细胞，在外周和黏膜淋巴结中被差异诱导，最近的数据表明，观察到的记忆T细胞的组织特异性迁移可能由这种功能表型而非激活部位决定。本文提供了支持这一新假说的数据。此外，由于淋巴细胞的功能和表面表型均依赖于局部激素和细胞因子环境，淋巴细胞迁移模式可能会受到疫苗接种和感染的影响。
