Venn A, Lewis S, Cooper M, Hill J, Britton J
Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK.
Eur Respir J. 1998 Jun;11(6):1324-8. doi: 10.1183/09031936.98.11061324.
The prevalence of asthma in children has increased substantially in many countries in recent decades, but it is not clear how much this trend has continued into the 1990s. This study aimed to estimate the current prevalence of asthma and wheeze in British primary schoolchildren and to determine whether there has been any increase in the prevalence of these conditions since 1988. The prevalence of self-reported wheeze and asthma was measured by parental questionnaire in 22,968 children aged 4-11 yrs attending primary schools in the Nottingham area of England in 1995, and these estimates were compared with data from a subsample of the same schools in 1988. In 1995, wheezing ever was reported in 24.0% of children, wheezing in the past year in 15.1% and diagnosed asthma symptomatic in the past year in 8.8%. All measures have increased in prevalence since 1988, in absolute terms by 7.7% for wheeze ever, by 2.6% for wheeze in the past year and by 2.7% for asthma. The increases were greater in females than males, but did not vary with age. In conclusion, the prevalence of asthma has continued to rise in British schoolchildren since the late 1980s, particularly in females, and across all ages.
近几十年来，许多国家儿童哮喘的患病率大幅上升，但尚不清楚这一趋势在20世纪90年代延续到了何种程度。本研究旨在估算英国小学生当前哮喘和喘息的患病率，并确定自1988年以来这些病症的患病率是否有所上升。1995年，通过家长问卷对英格兰诺丁汉地区22968名4至11岁的小学生进行了自我报告的喘息和哮喘患病率调查，并将这些估算结果与1988年同一学校子样本的数据进行了比较。1995年，24.0%的儿童报告曾有喘息，过去一年中有喘息的占15.1%，过去一年中被诊断为有症状哮喘的占8.8%。自1988年以来，所有指标的患病率均有所上升，从绝对值来看，曾有喘息的患病率上升了7.7%，过去一年中有喘息的患病率上升了2.6%，哮喘患病率上升了2.7%。女性的上升幅度大于男性，但不随年龄变化。总之，自20世纪80年代末以来，英国学童哮喘的患病率持续上升，尤其是在女性中，且各年龄段均如此。
