Almirante Gragera B, Tornos Mas M P, Soler-Soler J
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.
Rev Esp Cardiol. 1998;51 Suppl 2:58-63.
Infective endocarditis occurs in 4% of prosthetic valve carriers. The infection is related to both the injured endocardium and circulating microorganisms. Early prosthetic endocarditis, occurring in the first 12 months after valvular surgery is mainly caused by staphylococci, and late prosthetic endocarditis has a similar etiology as native valve endocarditis. Clinical manifestations of early cases are due to both bacteremia and prosthetic malfunction. In late cases the clinical picture is similar to native valve disease. Mortality in prosthetic endocarditis remains high, especially in early cases, despite combined medical and surgical treatment.
人工瓣膜携带者中4%会发生感染性心内膜炎。感染与受损的心内膜和循环中的微生物均有关。早期人工瓣膜心内膜炎发生在瓣膜手术后的前12个月，主要由葡萄球菌引起，晚期人工瓣膜心内膜炎的病因与天然瓣膜心内膜炎相似。早期病例的临床表现是由菌血症和人工瓣膜功能障碍共同导致的。晚期病例的临床表现与天然瓣膜疾病相似。尽管采用了药物和手术联合治疗，但人工瓣膜心内膜炎的死亡率仍然很高，尤其是早期病例。
