Tivis L J, Parsons O A, Nixon S J
Oklahoma Center for Alcohol and Drug Related Studies, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73105, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Jun;22(4):902-7.
Four measures of anger were investigated in sober male and female alcoholics and nonalcoholic peers. The relationships among anger variables, past drinking behavior, and substance abuse consequences in alcoholics were explored. Additionally, the interrelationships among anger, depression, and anxiety in the groups were examined, and the relationships between an overall dysphoria index and drinking behavior and substance abuse consequences were determined. 104 alcoholics (sober 21 to 45 days) and 70 community controls, aged 21 to 56, were given the Spielberger Anger Expression Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory. Alcoholics scored higher than controls on Trait Anger, Anger-In, and Anger-Out, but not on State Anger. There were no main effects of sex. Anger-In was significantly negatively correlated with the Quantity-Frequency Index in alcoholic males. Anger-In was significantly positively correlated with depression in male and female alcoholics and with substance abuse consequences in the latter group. The depression measure was significantly correlated with consequences in female, but not in male alcoholics. These data have treatment implications, especially for female alcoholics.
对清醒状态下的男性和女性酗酒者以及非酗酒同龄人进行了四项愤怒测量。探讨了酗酒者愤怒变量、过去饮酒行为和药物滥用后果之间的关系。此外，还研究了这些组中愤怒、抑郁和焦虑之间的相互关系，并确定了总体烦躁指数与饮酒行为和药物滥用后果之间的关系。对104名酗酒者（戒酒21至45天）和70名年龄在21至56岁之间的社区对照者进行了斯皮尔伯格愤怒表达量表、贝克抑郁量表和斯皮尔伯格状态焦虑量表测试。酗酒者在特质愤怒、愤怒内化和愤怒外化方面的得分高于对照组，但在状态愤怒方面得分不高。不存在性别主效应。在男性酗酒者中，愤怒内化与饮酒量-频率指数显著负相关。在男性和女性酗酒者中，愤怒内化与抑郁显著正相关，在女性酗酒者中与药物滥用后果显著正相关。抑郁测量与女性酗酒者的后果显著相关，但与男性酗酒者无关。这些数据对治疗具有启示意义，尤其是对女性酗酒者。
