Jickells TD
The author is in School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK. E-mail:
Science. 1998 Jul 10;281(5374):217-21. doi: 10.1126/science.281.5374.217.
The coastal seas are one of the most valuable and vulnerable of Earth's habitats. Significant inputs of nutrients to the coastal zone arrive via rivers, groundwater, and the atmosphere. Nutrient fluxes through these routes have been increased by human activity. In addition, the N:P:Si ratios of these inputs have been perturbed, and many coastal management practices exacerbate these perturbations. There is evidence of impacts arising from these changes (in phytoplankton numbers and relative species abundance, and deep-water oxygen declines) in areas of restricted water exchange. Elsewhere, the nutrient fluxes through the coastal zone appear to be still dominated by large inputs from the open ocean, and there is little evidence of anthropogenic perturbations.
沿海海域是地球上最具价值且最脆弱的栖息地之一。大量营养物质通过河流、地下水和大气进入沿海区域。人类活动增加了通过这些途径的营养物质通量。此外，这些输入的氮磷硅比例受到了干扰，许多沿海管理措施加剧了这些干扰。在水交换受限的区域，有证据表明这些变化（浮游植物数量和相对物种丰度的变化，以及深水氧气含量下降）产生了影响。在其他地方，通过沿海区域的营养物质通量似乎仍由来自公海的大量输入主导，几乎没有人为干扰的证据。
