1989年至1993年华盛顿州的职业性皮肤病：利用工人赔偿数据识别皮肤危害因素
Occupational skin diseases in Washington State, 1989 through 1993: using workers' compensation data to identify cutaneous hazards.
作者信息
Kaufman J D, Cohen M A, Sama S R, Shields J W, Kalat J
机构信息
Safety and Health Assessment and Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1998 Jul;88(7):1047-51. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.7.1047.
OBJECTIVES
This study sought to characterize occupational dermatoses and cutaneous hazards.
METHODS
Workers' compensation claims filed for skin disease in the Washington State Fund were analyzed for 1989 through 1993; incidence rates for industries and employers were calculated, and cutaneous hazards associated with the highest rates were identified.
RESULTS
A total of 7445 claims were filed for skin disorders, principally contact dermatitis; 675 (9.1%) involved more than 3 missed work-days. The rate of accepted skin disorder claims was 1.0 per 1000 full-time employee-years. The highest incidence rates (4.6 to 30.7 accepted claims per 1000 full-time employee-years) were in certain manufacturing industries (plastics related, concrete products, aircraft parts, sporting goods, and boat building), wholesale farm product raw materials, automotive glass replacement, and beauty shops. Seven of the 10 employers with the highest incidence rates (19.6 to 85.5 accepted claims per 1000 full-time employee-years) used fiber-reinforced plastics (composites) and exposed workers to epoxy and other resin systems associated with contact dermatitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Workers' compensation data identify known and emerging workplace cutaneous hazards and show promise for targeting prevention efforts.
目的
本研究旨在描述职业性皮肤病和皮肤危害的特征。
方法
对1989年至1993年期间在华盛顿州基金中提出的与皮肤病相关的工伤赔偿申请进行分析；计算各行业和雇主的发病率，并确定发病率最高的相关皮肤危害。
结果
共提出7445例皮肤疾病索赔，主要为接触性皮炎；其中675例（9.1%）涉及超过3天的误工。皮肤疾病索赔的接受率为每1000名全职工人年1.0例。发病率最高的行业（每1000名全职工人年有4.6至30.7例接受索赔）包括某些制造业（塑料相关、混凝土制品、飞机零部件、体育用品和造船业）、农产品批发原材料、汽车玻璃更换以及美容店。发病率最高的10家雇主中有7家（每1000名全职工人年有19.6至85.5例接受索赔）使用纤维增强塑料（复合材料），并使工人接触与接触性皮炎相关的环氧树脂和其他树脂体系。
结论
工伤赔偿数据可识别已知和新出现的工作场所皮肤危害，并显示出在预防工作中进行针对性努力的前景。
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