Tosti A, Guerra L, Vincenzi C, Peluso A M
Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Toxicol Ind Health. 1993 May-Jun;9(3):493-502. doi: 10.1177/074823379300900308.
Epoxy and acrylic resins have numerous industrial applications but are also widely used in the household environment. These compounds are presently one of the most important sources of occupational contact dermatitis. Contact sensitization to epoxy resins is usually caused by the resin itself but hardeners or other additives, such as reactive diluents, plasticizers, fillers and pigments, can occasionally be responsible. Since completely cured epoxy resins are not sensitizers, epoxy resin sensitization is always due to the presence, in the final polymer, of uncured allergenic low molecular weight oligomers. Acrylates are now considered the fourth most common cause of contact sensitization due to resins. Unpolymerized monomers of acrylic compounds are known to be responsible for the contact allergy. Accelerators, inhibitors and catalysts, which are usually added to the acrylates to promote the polymerization process, can also sensitize. Both allergic and irritant contact dermatitis may be caused by exposure to epoxy or acrylic resins and their additives. Contact urticaria, allergic or irritant airborne contact dermatitis caused by volatile compounds, onychia and paronychia can also occur. From January of 1984 to May of 1992 we detected 39 cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis to epoxy resin system substances and 11 cases of occupational contact sensitization to acrylic compounds. In our experience, the electronics industry as well as paint and glue related activities were the most important sources of epoxy sensitization. Dental materials and anaerobic sealants were found to be the most frequent acrylate sensitizers.
环氧树脂和丙烯酸树脂在工业上有众多应用，但在家庭环境中也被广泛使用。这些化合物目前是职业性接触性皮炎最重要的来源之一。对环氧树脂的接触致敏通常由树脂本身引起，但固化剂或其他添加剂，如活性稀释剂、增塑剂、填料和颜料，偶尔也可能是致敏原因。由于完全固化的环氧树脂不是致敏剂，环氧树脂致敏总是由于最终聚合物中存在未固化的低分子量致敏性低聚物。丙烯酸酯现在被认为是因树脂导致接触致敏的第四大常见原因。已知丙烯酸化合物的未聚合单体是接触过敏的原因。通常添加到丙烯酸酯中以促进聚合过程的促进剂、抑制剂和催化剂也可能致敏。接触环氧树脂或丙烯酸树脂及其添加剂可能会引起过敏性和刺激性接触性皮炎。接触性荨麻疹、由挥发性化合物引起的过敏性或刺激性气源性接触性皮炎、甲沟炎和甲周炎也可能发生。从1984年1月到1992年5月，我们检测到39例对环氧树脂体系物质的职业性过敏性接触性皮炎病例和11例对丙烯酸化合物的职业性接触致敏病例。根据我们的经验，电子行业以及与油漆和胶水相关的活动是环氧树脂致敏的最重要来源。牙科材料和厌氧密封剂被发现是最常见的丙烯酸酯致敏剂。
