美国劳动人口中背痛、手部不适和皮炎的患病率。
The prevalence of back pain, hand discomfort, and dermatitis in the US working population.
作者信息
Behrens V, Seligman P, Cameron L, Mathias C G, Fine L
机构信息
Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluation, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1994 Nov;84(11):1780-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.11.1780.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study was to provide the health care and public health communities with national prevalence estimates of selected conditions in the US working population.
METHODS
National prevalence estimates of self-reported conditions among working people were calculated from data collected for the 1988 Occupational Health Supplement to the National Health Interview Survey.
RESULTS
The highest prevalence estimates were found among occupational groups. For example, the prevalence of back pain due to an injury at work among truck drivers was 6.7%; back pain due to repeated activities at work among mechanics and repairers of heavy equipment and machinery was 10.5%; hand discomfort among operators of machines that process metal, plastic, stone, and glass was 23.5%; and dermatitis due to contact with substances at work among physicians, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, and dietitians was 5.6%.
CONCLUSIONS
A substantial proportion of these conditions among occupational groups with the highest prevalence estimates are occupational in origin. These prevalence estimates identify occupations in which efforts are needed to prevent these conditions.
目的
本研究的目的是为医疗保健和公共卫生领域提供美国劳动人口中特定疾病的全国患病率估计值。
方法
根据1988年全国健康访谈调查职业健康补充调查收集的数据，计算在职人员自我报告疾病的全国患病率估计值。
结果
在职业群体中发现了最高的患病率估计值。例如，卡车司机因工作受伤导致的背痛患病率为6.7%；重型设备和机械的机械师和修理工因工作反复活动导致的背痛患病率为10.5%；金属、塑料、石材和玻璃加工机器操作员的手部不适患病率为23.5%；医生、牙医、护士、药剂师和营养师因工作接触物质导致的皮炎患病率为5.6%。
结论
在患病率估计值最高的职业群体中，这些疾病很大一部分起源于职业。这些患病率估计值确定了需要努力预防这些疾病的职业。
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