Eisenberg L, Baker B L, Blacher J
University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1998 Mar;39(3):355-63.
Severe retardation in a child surely has an effect on all family members. Studies of non-disabled siblings in these families have indicated both emotional risks and perceived benefits. Little is known about how out-of-home placement of the child with retardation affects the siblings. Adolescent siblings of children with retardation living at home (N = 25) or in residential placement (N = 20) were contrasted with siblings of children without retardation (N = 28), on measures obtained from their mothers and themselves. Despite their different situations, these siblings were highly similar on measures of psychological adjustment, self-esteem, and family environment. Sibling relationships, however, were less intense, with less warmth but also lower conflict, in families where the child lived out of the home. Most siblings of children with retardation reported positive personal growth experiences while also expressing realistic concerns about the future. Siblings of children with retardation had beliefs and attitudes about placement that were highly consistent with the child's current living situation.
儿童的严重智力发育迟缓肯定会对所有家庭成员产生影响。对这些家庭中无残疾的兄弟姐妹的研究表明了情感风险和感知到的益处。关于智力发育迟缓儿童的家庭外安置如何影响其兄弟姐妹，我们知之甚少。将在家中生活（N = 25）或在寄宿机构安置（N = 20）的智力发育迟缓儿童的青少年兄弟姐妹与无智力发育迟缓儿童的兄弟姐妹（N = 28）进行对比，这些数据来自他们的母亲和他们自己。尽管情况不同，但这些兄弟姐妹在心理调适、自尊和家庭环境方面的测量结果高度相似。然而，在孩子离家生活的家庭中，兄弟姐妹关系没那么紧密，温暖度较低但冲突也较少。大多数智力发育迟缓儿童的兄弟姐妹报告了积极的个人成长经历，同时也表达了对未来现实的担忧。智力发育迟缓儿童的兄弟姐妹对安置的信念和态度与孩子目前的生活状况高度一致。
