Penninx B W, Guralnik J M, Simonsick E M, Kasper J D, Ferrucci L, Fried L P
Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9205, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998 Jul;46(7):807-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb02712.x.
To examine correlates of high overall level of emotional functioning (emotional vitality) in disabled older women.
A community-based study: The Women's Health and Aging Study.
A total of 1002 moderately to severely disabled women aged 65 and older living in the community.
Emotional vitality was defined as having a high sense of personal mastery, being happy, and having low depressive symptomatology and anxiety. Correlations with demographics, health status, and social context were examined.
Despite their physical disabilities, 35% of the 1002 disabled older women were emotionally vital. The percent of emotionally vital women declined with increasing severity of disability. After adjustment for disability status, a significantly increased likelihood for being emotionally vital was found for black race (OR=1.69) and for having higher income (OR=1.77), better cognition (OR=2.36), no vision problems (OR=1.61), adequate emotional support (OR=2.54), and many face-to-face contacts (OR=1.64). Having more than one negative life event reduced the likelihood of emotional vitality (OR=0.57).
A substantial proportion of even the most disabled older women can be described as emotionally vital. Findings also suggest that emotional vitality is not solely a function of stable, enduring individual characteristics but that health status, disability, and sociodemographic context also have an influence on emotional vitality.
研究残疾老年女性情感功能总体水平较高（情感活力）的相关因素。
一项基于社区的研究：女性健康与衰老研究。
共有1002名年龄在65岁及以上、生活在社区的中度至重度残疾女性。
情感活力被定义为具有较高的个人掌控感、幸福感，且抑郁症状和焦虑程度较低。研究了情感活力与人口统计学特征、健康状况和社会环境的相关性。
在这1002名残疾老年女性中，尽管她们存在身体残疾，但35%的人情感活力较高。情感活力较高的女性比例随着残疾严重程度的增加而下降。在对残疾状况进行调整后，发现黑人种族（比值比=1.69）、收入较高（比值比=1.77）、认知较好（比值比=2.36）、无视力问题（比值比=1.61）、有足够的情感支持（比值比=2.54）以及有较多面对面接触（比值比=1.64）的女性情感活力较高的可能性显著增加。经历不止一次负面生活事件会降低情感活力的可能性（比值比=0.57）。
即使是残疾最严重的老年女性中，也有相当一部分可以被描述为情感活力较高。研究结果还表明，情感活力不仅仅是稳定持久的个体特征的函数，健康状况、残疾情况和社会人口统计学背景也会对情感活力产生影响。
