Lee Wei-Ju, Peng Li-Ning, Lin Ming-Hsien, Loh Ching-Hui, Chen Liang-Kung
Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11211, Taiwan.
Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan Branch, Yuanshan Township, Yilan County 264, Taiwan.
Aging (Albany NY). 2020 Feb 6;12(3):2670-2679. doi: 10.18632/aging.102769.
Successful aging may be a solution to the major challenges that population aging poses to healthcare systems, financial security, and labor force supply. Hence, we studied the value of factors discovered by exploratory factor analysis in predicting four main indicators of successful aging, and their association with mortality. We followed-up a nationally representative sample of 1284 older adults for a median of 50 months. Successful aging was defined by fast walking, independence, emotional vitality, and self-rated health. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five determinants: physical activity, life satisfaction and financial status, health status, stress, and cognitive function. Physical activity and health status were significant factors in living independently. Life satisfaction and financial status were associated with walking speed. Stress was solely associated with emotional vitality. Life satisfaction and financial status, and health status, were important predictors of self-rated health. Compared to people without any successful aging indicators, those with one, two, three, or four showed dose-dependent lessening of mortality risk, with respective hazard ratios of 0.39 (95% CI 0.25-0.59), 0.29 (95% CI 0.17-0.50), 0.23 (95% CI 0.11-0.51), and 0.09 (95% CI 0.01-0.66). These associations were stronger in males, older adults, smokers, and drinkers, than in their counterparts.
成功老龄化可能是应对人口老龄化给医疗保健系统、金融安全和劳动力供应带来的重大挑战的一种解决方案。因此，我们研究了探索性因素分析所发现的因素在预测成功老龄化的四个主要指标方面的价值，以及它们与死亡率的关联。我们对1284名老年人的全国代表性样本进行了为期50个月的随访。成功老龄化的定义包括快走、独立、情绪活力和自我评定的健康状况。探索性因素分析揭示了五个决定因素：身体活动、生活满意度和财务状况、健康状况、压力和认知功能。身体活动和健康状况是独立生活的重要因素。生活满意度和财务状况与步行速度有关。压力仅与情绪活力有关。生活满意度和财务状况以及健康状况是自我评定健康的重要预测因素。与没有任何成功老龄化指标的人相比，有一个、两个、三个或四个成功老龄化指标的人死亡率风险呈剂量依赖性降低，相应的风险比分别为0.39（95%置信区间0.25-0.59）、0.29（95%置信区间0.17-0.50）、0.23（95%置信区间0.11-0.51）和0.09（95%置信区间0.01-0.66）。这些关联在男性、老年人、吸烟者和饮酒者中比在其对应人群中更强。
