Mbajiorgu E F, Mawera G, Asala S A, Zivanovic S
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Cent Afr J Med. 1998 Feb;44(2):24-30.
To provide some anatomical information on the shape, size, and position of the mental foramen among Black Zimbabweans that could be used as reference material by dental and other health practitioners during clinical practice in Zimbabwe.
Cross sectional anatomical study.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
32 mandibles derived from adult Black Zimbabweans.
The shape of the mental foramen, its relation to the lower teeth and its position in relation to the mandibular symphysis, the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible, the lower border of the mandible, and the alveolar margin.
The shape of the mental foramen was round in 14 out of 32 mandibles (43.8%) and was oval in the remaining 18 (56.3%). The percentage of occurrence of the mental foramen was highest below the lower second premolar tooth on the right side (position 4) and posterior to it on the left side (position 5). In the vertical plane, the mental foramen lay slightly below the midpoint of the distance between the lower border of the mandible and the alveolar margin (44.1% and 45.5% for the right and left sides respectively). In the horizontal plane, it lay approximately one quarter (27.3% for the right and 27.4% for the left sides) of the distance from the mandibular symphysis to the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible.
The percentage distribution of the mental foremen in relation to the lower teeth in the adult Black Zimbabwean mandible was at variance with that of other population groups. However, the quantitative position of the mental foremen was bilaterally symmetrical in the adult Black Zimbabwean mandible. The latter observation is of clinical significance to dental and other health practitioners in Zimbabwe with regards to the achievement of effective mental nerve block anaesthesia and the prevention of damage to the mental nerve during surgical procedures on the lower jaw.
提供一些关于津巴布韦黑人颏孔的形状、大小和位置的解剖学信息，可供津巴布韦的牙科和其他医疗从业者在临床实践中作为参考资料。
横断面解剖学研究。
津巴布韦哈拉雷芒特普莱森特市津巴布韦大学医学院解剖学系。
32例来自成年津巴布韦黑人的下颌骨。
颏孔的形状、其与下牙的关系以及其相对于下颌联合、下颌支后缘、下颌下缘和牙槽缘的位置。
32例下颌骨中，14例（43.8%）的颏孔形状为圆形，其余18例（56.3%）为椭圆形。颏孔出现率最高的位置是右侧下颌第二前磨牙下方（位置4）以及左侧该牙后方（位置5）。在垂直平面上，颏孔位于下颌下缘与牙槽缘距离中点稍下方（右侧为44.1%，左侧为45.5%）。在水平平面上，它位于从下颌联合到下颌支后缘距离的约四分之一处（右侧为27.3%，左侧为27.4%）。
成年津巴布韦黑人下颌骨中颏孔相对于下牙的百分比分布与其他人群不同。然而，成年津巴布韦黑人下颌骨中颏孔的定量位置是双侧对称的。后一观察结果对于津巴布韦的牙科和其他医疗从业者在实现有效的颏神经阻滞麻醉以及预防下颌外科手术中颏神经损伤方面具有临床意义。
