Laher Abdullah Ebrahim, Wells Mike, Motara Feroza, Kramer Efraim, Moolla Muhammed, Mahomed Zeyn
Division of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, 5 Jubilee Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa.
Division of Emergency Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2016 May;38(4):469-76. doi: 10.1007/s00276-015-1565-x. Epub 2015 Oct 13.
The mental foramen and mental nerve are clinically important landmarks for clinicians across various disciplines including dentists, oral maxillofacial surgeons, emergency physicians and plastic and reconstructive surgeons. To minimize complications related to procedures in the vicinity of the mental foramen and nerve, knowledge of its anatomy and anatomical variations is cardinal to concerned clinicians. In this review, basic anatomy, procedural complications, hard and soft tissue relations, variations between population groups, asymmetry, accessory mental foramina and the use of various radiological modalities to determine the position of the mental foramen are reviewed to provide a more thorough understanding of this important landmark.
颏孔和颏神经是牙科医生、口腔颌面外科医生、急诊医生以及整形和重建外科医生等各学科临床医生重要的临床标志。为尽量减少与颏孔和神经附近手术相关的并发症，了解其解剖结构和解剖变异对相关临床医生至关重要。在本综述中，我们回顾了颏孔的基本解剖结构、手术并发症、软硬组织关系、不同人群之间的变异、不对称性、副颏孔以及使用各种放射学检查方法来确定颏孔位置，以更全面地了解这一重要标志。
