MacDonald N
Center for Bioethics, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Que.
CMAJ. 1998 Jun 30;158(13):1709-16.
Unlike in other nations, in Canada palliative care has its origins in university hospitals. It has subsequently developed in a few Canadian schools as an academic discipline closely linked with oncology programs. Although this model is successful, other faculties of medicine and cancer centres have been slow to emulate it. Today, the situation is rapidly changing, and both palliative care and oncology professionals are re-examining the manifest need for collaborative efforts in patient care, research and education. Palliative care must be regarded as an essential component of cancer care, its principles must be applied throughout the course of the illness and, as in other phases of cancer control, palliative care should be regarded as an exercise in prevention--prevention of suffering. This article discusses practical applications that flow from acceptance of these concepts.
与其他国家不同，加拿大的姑息治疗起源于大学医院。随后，它在加拿大的一些学校发展成为一门与肿瘤学项目紧密相关的学科。尽管这种模式很成功，但其他医学院校和癌症中心效仿起来却很缓慢。如今，情况正在迅速变化，姑息治疗和肿瘤学专业人员都在重新审视在患者护理、研究和教育方面进行合作的明显必要性。姑息治疗必须被视为癌症护理的重要组成部分，其原则必须贯穿疾病的全过程，并且，如同癌症控制的其他阶段一样，姑息治疗应被视为一种预防措施——预防痛苦。本文讨论了接受这些概念后所产生的实际应用。
