Bijnen F C, Caspersen C J, Feskens E J, Saris W H, Mosterd W L, Kromhout D
Department of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Arch Intern Med. 1998 Jul 27;158(14):1499-505. doi: 10.1001/archinte.158.14.1499.
Little is known about physical activity and mortality risk in the elderly. Therefore, we describe the associations between the physical activity pattern of elderly men and the mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, and all causes.
Self-reported physical activity was assessed with a validated questionnaire for retired men in a population-based sample of 802 Dutch men, aged 64 to 84 years at baseline. Relative risks were estimated for 10-year mortality from CVD (199 deaths), CHD (90), stroke (47), and all causes (373) for tertiles of time spent on physical activity (reference, lowest tertile). Adjustments were made for baseline age, relevant major chronic diseases, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption.
Mortality risks from CVD and all causes decreased with increasing physical activity (P for trend = .04) with adjusted relative risks of 0.70 (95% confidence interval, 0.48-1.01) and 0.77 (95% confidence interval, 0.59-1.00) in the highest tertile of total physical activity, respectively. Except for CHD, time spent in more intense activities (> or = 4 kcal/kg per hour) was more strongly associated with all mortality outcomes than less intense activities, but no single type of activity was particularly protective. Walking or cycling at least 3 times per week for 20 minutes (our definition of activity based on general health recommendations) was associated with reduced mortality from CVD (adjusted relative risk, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.88) and all causes (relative risk, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.88). Additional adjustment for biological cardiovascular risk factors did not affect the strength of any association.
In a general population of elderly men, physical activity may protect against mortality from CVDs and all causes.
关于老年人身体活动与死亡风险的了解甚少。因此，我们描述了老年男性身体活动模式与心血管疾病（CVD）、特别是冠心病（CHD）和中风以及所有原因导致的死亡率之间的关联。
在一项基于人群的样本中，使用经过验证的问卷对802名荷兰男性退休人员进行自我报告的身体活动评估，这些男性在基线时年龄为64至84岁。估计了身体活动时间三分位数（参考组，最低三分位数）中CVD（199例死亡）、CHD（90例）、中风（47例）和所有原因（373例）的10年死亡率的相对风险。对基线年龄、相关主要慢性病、吸烟和饮酒情况进行了调整。
随着身体活动的增加，CVD和所有原因导致的死亡风险降低（趋势P值 = 0.04），在总身体活动最高三分位数中，调整后的相对风险分别为0.70（95%置信区间，0.48 - 1.01）和0.77（95%置信区间，0.59 - 1.00）。除CHD外，进行强度较大活动（≥4千卡/千克每小时）的时间与所有死亡结局的关联比强度较小活动更强，但没有单一类型的活动具有特别的保护作用。每周至少步行或骑自行车3次，每次20分钟（我们基于一般健康建议的活动定义）与CVD死亡率降低（调整后的相对风险，0.69；95%置信区间，0.50 - 0.88）和所有原因导致的死亡率降低（相对风险，0.71；95%置信区间，0.58 - 0.88）相关。对生物心血管危险因素进行额外调整并未影响任何关联的强度。
在老年男性总体人群中，身体活动可能预防CVD和所有原因导致的死亡。
