Chapman G B, Elstein A S, Kuzel T M, Sharifi R, Nadler R B, Andrews A, Bennett C L
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Med Decis Making. 1998 Jul-Sep;18(3):278-86. doi: 10.1177/0272989X9801800304.
Two versions of the time-tradeoff (TTO) method were compared. In the personal TTO version, 31 prostate cancer patients decided whether they personally would give up some longevity to have perfect health rather than a longer life in a state of poor health associated with prostate cancer. In the impersonal version, 28 patients compared two hypothetical friends, one of whom has perfect health but will live less time than the other who is in poor health, and decided which person they would rather be. All patients evaluated three hypothetical health states. The two TTO methods were assessed by examining 1) how well they distinguished three health states of varying degrees of dysfunction and 2) patients' willingness to trade time for quality of life. Patients using the impersonal TTO version were more likely than those using the personal version to order the three health states appropriately (68% vs 16%, p < 0.0001) and were more willing to trade off length of life for quality of life (p < 0.05).
对时间权衡（TTO）方法的两个版本进行了比较。在个人TTO版本中，31名前列腺癌患者决定他们个人是否愿意放弃一些寿命以换取完美健康，而非在与前列腺癌相关的健康状况不佳的状态下度过更长的生命。在非个人版本中，28名患者比较了两个假设的朋友，其中一个拥有完美健康但寿命比另一个健康状况不佳的人短，然后决定他们更愿意成为哪个人。所有患者评估了三种假设的健康状态。通过检查1）它们区分三种不同功能障碍程度的健康状态的能力，以及2）患者用时间换取生活质量的意愿，对两种TTO方法进行了评估。使用非个人TTO版本的患者比使用个人版本的患者更有可能恰当地对三种健康状态进行排序（68%对16%，p<0.0001），并且更愿意用生命长度换取生活质量（p<0.05）。
