Bornstein M H, Haynes O M, Azuma H, Galperín C, Maital S, Ogino M, Painter K, Pascual L, Pêchuex M G, Rahn C, Toda S, Venuti P, Vyt A, Wright B
Child and Family Research, Laboratory of Comparative Ethology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2030, USA.
Dev Psychol. 1998 Jul;34(4):662-76. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.34.4.662.
This study investigated and compared ideas about parenting in Argentine, Belgian, French, Israeli, Italian, Japanese, and U.S. mothers of 20-month-olds. Mothers evaluated their competence, satisfaction, investment, and role balance in parenting and rated attributions of successes and failures in 7 parenting tasks to their own ability, effort, or mood, to difficulty of the task, or to child behavior. Few cross-cultural similarities emerged; rather, systematic culture effects for both self-evaluations and attributions were common, such as varying degrees of competence and satisfaction in parenting, and these effects are interpreted in terms of specific cultural proclivities and emphases. Child gender was not an influential factor. Parents' self-evaluations and attributions help to explain how and why parents parent and provide further insight into the broader cultural contexts of children's development.
本研究调查并比较了阿根廷、比利时、法国、以色列、意大利、日本和美国等国20个月大幼儿母亲的育儿观念。母亲们评估了自己在育儿方面的能力、满意度、投入程度和角色平衡，并对7项育儿任务的成败归因于自身能力、努力或情绪、任务难度或孩子的行为进行了评分。几乎没有出现跨文化的相似之处；相反，自我评价和归因方面的系统性文化影响很常见，比如在育儿方面不同程度的能力和满意度，这些影响是根据特定的文化倾向和重点来解释的。孩子的性别不是一个有影响力的因素。父母的自我评价和归因有助于解释父母如何以及为何育儿，并为儿童发展的更广泛文化背景提供进一步的见解。
