Takahashi K, Muraoka K, Kishi S, Shimizu K
Department of Ophthalmology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1998 Jul;126(1):91-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(98)00069-5.
To demonstrate the drainage routes that compensate the venous congestion in central retinal vein occlusion.
Indocyanine green angiography was performed in 13 eyes of 13 patients with central retinal vein occlusion at the involutional stage using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. The interval between onset of central retinal vein occlusion and indocyanine green angiography ranged from 1.0 to 9.3 years (mean, 3.6 years). Panoramic indocyanine green angiograms that covered the entire choroidal vasculature were produced by composing regional angiograms.
Retinochoroidal collateral routes were found in 10 eyes that had papillary vascular loops. They were not observed in three eyes that did not have the vascular loops. Papillary vascular loops served as the collaterals to connect retinal veins and choroidal veins. The blood in the retinal veins was drained through the papillary vascular loops into the choroidal veins. These choroidal veins were selectively dilated and acted as drainage routes to the vortex veins. Nasal vortex veins served as extraocular exits of the drainage routes in all 10 eyes, and temporal vortex veins served as extraocular exits of the drainage routes in three of the 10 eyes.
In central retinal vein occlusion with papillary loops, blood in the retinal veins ultimately drained into the vortex veins through the retinochoroidal collaterals.
证明在视网膜中央静脉阻塞中补偿静脉充血的引流途径。
使用扫描激光检眼镜对13例处于退行期的视网膜中央静脉阻塞患者的13只眼进行吲哚菁绿血管造影。视网膜中央静脉阻塞发作与吲哚菁绿血管造影之间的间隔为1.0至9.3年（平均3.6年）。通过组合局部血管造影照片生成覆盖整个脉络膜血管系统的全景吲哚菁绿血管造影照片。
在10只具有乳头血管襻的眼中发现了视网膜脉络膜侧支途径。在3只没有血管襻的眼中未观察到它们。乳头血管襻作为连接视网膜静脉和脉络膜静脉的侧支。视网膜静脉中的血液通过乳头血管襻排入脉络膜静脉。这些脉络膜静脉选择性扩张并作为通向涡静脉的引流途径。在所有10只眼中，鼻侧涡静脉作为引流途径的眼外出口，在10只眼中的3只眼中，颞侧涡静脉作为引流途径的眼外出口。
在伴有乳头襻的视网膜中央静脉阻塞中，视网膜静脉中的血液最终通过视网膜脉络膜侧支排入涡静脉。
