Alexander J W
Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio 45267-0558, USA.
Nutrition. 1998 Jul-Aug;14(7-8):627-33. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(98)00004-5.
The dietary fatty acids of the omega-3 series are rapidly incorporated into cell membranes and profoundly influence biological responses. These lipids influence membrane stability, membrane fluidity, cell mobility, the formation of receptors, binding of ligands to their receptors, activation of intracellular signaling pathways either directly or through the formation of eicosanoids, gene expression, and cell differentiation. In general, eicosanoids formed from the omega-3 fatty acids are much less potent in causing biological responses than those formed from the omega-6 fatty acids, including stimulation of cytokine production and inflammatory responses. In well-controlled clinical studies, consumption of omega-3 fatty acids has resulted in reduction of cardiovascular diseases including arrhythmias and hypertension, protection from renal disease, improvement in rheumatoid arthritis, improvement in inflammatory bowel diseases, reduced episodes of rejection, and protection from infection. The interactions between the omega-3 fatty acids and pharmacologic drugs that alter intracellular signaling pathways are only now being studied.
ω-3系列膳食脂肪酸可迅速融入细胞膜，并深刻影响生物反应。这些脂质会影响膜稳定性、膜流动性、细胞迁移、受体形成、配体与其受体的结合、直接或通过类花生酸的形成激活细胞内信号通路、基因表达以及细胞分化。一般来说，由ω-3脂肪酸形成的类花生酸在引发生物反应方面的效力远低于由ω-6脂肪酸形成的类花生酸，包括刺激细胞因子产生和炎症反应。在严格控制的临床研究中，摄入ω-3脂肪酸已导致心血管疾病（包括心律失常和高血压）减少、预防肾病、改善类风湿性关节炎、改善炎症性肠病、减少排斥反应发作以及预防感染。ω-3脂肪酸与改变细胞内信号通路的药物之间的相互作用目前才刚刚开始研究。
