Wright N A
Histopathology Unit, ICRF Laboratories, London, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1998 Jun 29;353(1370):925-33. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1998.0257.
The main pathways of epithelial differentiation in the intestine, Paneth, mucous, endocrine and columnar cell lineages are well recognized. However, in abnormal circumstances, for example in mucosal ulceration, a cell lineage with features distinct from these emerges, which has often been dismissed in the past as 'pyloric' metaplasia, because of its morphological resemblance to the pyloric mucosa in the stomach. However, we can conclude that this cell lineage has a defined phenotype unique in gastrointestinal epithelia, has a histogenesis that resembles that of Brunner's glands, but acquires a proliferative organization similar to that of the gastric gland. It expresses several peptides of particular interest, including epidermal growth factor, the trefoil peptides TFF1, TFF2, TFF3, lysozyme and PSTI. The presence of this lineage also appears to cause altered gene expression in adjacent indigenous cell lineages. We propose that this cell lineage is induced in gastrointestinal stem cells as a result of chronic mucosal ulceration, and plays an important part in ulcer healing; it should therefore be added to the repertoire of gastrointestinal stem cells.
肠道上皮分化的主要途径，如潘氏细胞、黏液细胞、内分泌细胞和柱状细胞谱系已广为人知。然而，在异常情况下，例如黏膜溃疡时，会出现一种具有与上述细胞谱系不同特征的细胞谱系，过去由于其形态与胃幽门黏膜相似，常被视为“幽门”化生而被忽视。然而，我们可以得出结论，这种细胞谱系在胃肠道上皮中具有独特的明确表型，其组织发生类似于布伦纳腺，但获得了与胃腺相似的增殖组织。它表达几种特别有趣的肽，包括表皮生长因子、三叶肽TFF1、TFF2、TFF3、溶菌酶和胰蛋白酶抑制剂。这种细胞谱系的存在似乎也会导致相邻固有细胞谱系的基因表达改变。我们认为，这种细胞谱系是由慢性黏膜溃疡在胃肠道干细胞中诱导产生的，在溃疡愈合中起重要作用；因此，它应被纳入胃肠道干细胞的范畴。
