Dockerty J D, Elwood J M, Skegg D C, Herbison G P
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Cancer Causes Control. 1998 May;9(3):299-309. doi: 10.1023/a:1008825220759.
To assess childhood cancer risks for electromagnetic field (EMF) exposures.
A case-control study was conducted in New Zealand. Cases (aged from zero to 14 years) were ascertained from national databases including the New Zealand Cancer Registry; 303 took part (participation rate, 88 percent). The 303 age- and gender-matched controls were selected randomly from birth records (participation, 69 percent). Mothers were interviewed about appliance exposures (all cases and controls), and 24-hour residential measurements of EMFs were made (leukemia cases and matched controls).
For the various appliance exposures, there were some odds ratios (OR) above 1.0 and others below 1.0. For electric blanket use by the child before diagnosis, the adjusted ORs were: leukemia, 2.2 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 0.7-6.4); central nervous system cancers, ORs = 1.6 (CI = 0.4-7.1); and other solid cancers, OR = 2.4 (CI = 1.0-6.1). Leukemia risk was increased for the highest category of the mean measured bedroom magnetic field (> or = 0.2microT cf < 0.1 microT), with an adjusted OR of 15.5 (CI = 1.1-224). A gradient in OR with exposure was not shown (middle category: OR 1.4, CI = 0.3-7.6), and there was no association with exposure categorized into thirds based on controls' exposure. The adjusted OR for leukemia in relation to the measured daytime room magnetic field (> or = 0.2 microT cf < 0.1 microT) was 5.2 (CI = 0.9-30.8).
This was a small study and multiple comparisons were made. The positive findings thus should be interpreted cautiously.
评估儿童暴露于电磁场（EMF）下患癌症的风险。
在新西兰进行了一项病例对照研究。病例（年龄从零岁至14岁）从包括新西兰癌症登记处在内的国家数据库中确定；303人参与研究（参与率为88%）。303名年龄和性别匹配的对照从出生记录中随机选取（参与率为69%）。对母亲们进行了关于电器暴露情况的访谈（所有病例和对照），并对电磁场进行了24小时住宅测量（白血病病例和匹配的对照）。
对于各种电器暴露情况，有些比值比（OR）高于1.0，有些低于1.0。对于儿童在诊断前使用电热毯的情况，调整后的OR为：白血病，2.2（95%置信区间[CI]=0.7 - 6.4）；中枢神经系统癌症，OR = 1.6（CI = 0.4 - 7.1）；其他实体癌症，OR = 2.4（CI = 1.0 - 6.1）。对于测量的卧室平均磁场最高类别（≥0.2微特斯拉对比<0.1微特斯拉），白血病风险增加，调整后的OR为15.5（CI = 1.1 - 224）。未显示出OR随暴露量的梯度变化（中间类别：OR 1.4，CI = 0.3 - 7.6），并且与根据对照的暴露量分为三等份的暴露情况没有关联。与测量的白天房间磁场（≥0.2微特斯拉对比<0.1微特斯拉）相关的白血病调整后OR为5.2（CI = 0.9 - 30.8）。
这是一项小型研究且进行了多次比较。因此，阳性结果应谨慎解读。
