Pracy J P, White A, Mustafa Y, Smith D, Perry M E
Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology, United Medical and Dental Schools, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
J Anat. 1998 Apr;192 ( Pt 3)(Pt 3):359-68. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.1998.19230359.x.
This study was undertaken to develop a functional model of otitis media with effusion (OME) in the pig (Sus scrofa), with the purpose of investigating the origin of lymphocytes populating the middle ear during the course of an inflammatory process. The relevance of the model to the human condition of OME is to a large extent dependent on the anatomical and physiological similarities between the middle ear cavity and the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue of the pig and man. Anatomical specimens were collected from 7 young Large White pigs to determine the gross anatomy of the middle ear cavity and the histological characteristics of the middle ear mucosa. It was found that the anatomy of the 3 parts of the middle ear cavity in man and in the pig is broadly similar, although some minor differences were observed. The porcine eustachian tube was seen to be cartilaginous throughout its length in contrast to the part osseous, part cartilaginous structure found in man; the porcine ossicles were slightly different in shape to those of man and the air cell system was situated inferior to the tympanic cavity in the pig as opposed to posteriorly in man. This paper describes the structure and morphology of the pig middle ear cavity and compares and contrasts it with that of man. The minor differences observed are of anatomical importance but do not diminish the usefulness of the pig middle ear cleft as a potential model for human middle ear disorders.
本研究旨在建立猪（Sus scrofa）中耳积液性中耳炎（OME）的功能模型，以探究炎症过程中中耳淋巴细胞的来源。该模型与人类OME状况的相关性在很大程度上取决于猪与人的中耳腔和咽淋巴组织之间的解剖学和生理学相似性。从7只幼年大白猪收集解剖标本，以确定中耳腔的大体解剖结构和中耳黏膜的组织学特征。结果发现，人与猪中耳腔的三个部分的解剖结构大致相似，尽管观察到一些细微差异。猪的咽鼓管全程为软骨性，而人的咽鼓管部分为骨性、部分为软骨性；猪的听小骨形状与人的略有不同，猪的气房系统位于鼓室下方，而人的气房系统位于鼓室后方。本文描述了猪中耳腔的结构和形态，并将其与人类的进行比较和对比。观察到的细微差异具有解剖学意义，但并不降低猪中耳裂作为人类中耳疾病潜在模型的实用性。
