Stedman T J, Clair A L
Wolston, Park Hospital, Wacol, Australia.
Schizophr Res. 1998 Jun 22;32(1):23-30. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00021-8.
Impaired olfactory identification has been reported in samples of schizophrenic patients. Little is known about the associations between these impairments and neuropsychological deficits, neurological deficits and olfaction-related symptoms. Forty-six subjects (37 men and 9 women) with schizophrenia were examined with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), a selection of neuropsychological tests and standardised neurological and symptom evaluations. Eighty-five per cent of the subjects scored below the published norms' 10th percentile on the UPSIT. Stepwise multiple regression found that WAIS-R Information score and Wisconsin Card Sort Test Failure to Maintain Set score (WCST-FMS) were the only significant predictors of the UPSIT percentile scores, accounting for 41% of the variance. Neurological signs did not contribute to the prediction of impaired olfactory identification. Although 26% of subjects reported olfactory hallucinations, there was no association between this symptom and olfactory impairment. The results suggest that general knowledge or general intelligence may have some influence on olfactory identification in subjects with schizophrenia; however, olfactory identification deficit could not be explained by gross impairments of sustained attention, memory or conceptual ability.
已有报告称，在精神分裂症患者样本中存在嗅觉识别受损的情况。对于这些损害与神经心理缺陷、神经缺陷以及嗅觉相关症状之间的关联，我们知之甚少。对46名精神分裂症患者（37名男性和9名女性）进行了宾夕法尼亚大学嗅觉识别测试（UPSIT）、一系列神经心理测试以及标准化的神经学和症状评估。85%的受试者在UPSIT测试中的得分低于已公布标准的第10百分位数。逐步多元回归分析发现，韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-R）信息得分和威斯康星卡片分类测试中无法保持定势得分（WCST-FMS）是UPSIT百分位数得分的唯一显著预测因素，解释了41%的方差。神经学体征对嗅觉识别受损的预测没有贡献。尽管26%的受试者报告有幻嗅，但该症状与嗅觉损害之间没有关联。结果表明，常识或一般智力可能会对精神分裂症患者的嗅觉识别产生一些影响；然而，嗅觉识别缺陷无法用持续注意力、记忆力或概念能力的严重损害来解释。
