Tanahashi T
Bull World Health Organ. 1978;56(2):295-303.
Health service coverage is considered as a concept expressing the extent of interaction between the service and the people for whom it is intended, this interaction not being limited to a particular aspect of service provision but ranging over the whole process from resource allocation to achievement of the desired objective. For the measurement of coverage, several key stages are first identified, each of them involving the realization of an important condition for providing the service; a coverage measure is then defined for each stage, namely the ratio between the number of people for whom the condition is met and the target population, so that a set of these measures represents the interaction between the service and the target population. This definition of coverage allows for variations, which are called "specific coverage", by limiting the target population to specific subgroups differentiated by certain conditions related to service provision or by demographic or socioeconomic factors.The evaluation of coverage on the basis of these concepts enables management to identify bottlenecks in the operation of the service, to analyse the constraining factors responsible for such bottlenecks, and to select effective measures for service development.
卫生服务覆盖范围被视为一个概念，用以表达服务与其目标人群之间相互作用的程度，这种相互作用不限于服务提供的某个特定方面，而是涵盖从资源分配到实现预期目标的整个过程。为了衡量覆盖范围，首先要确定几个关键阶段，每个阶段都涉及实现提供服务的一个重要条件；然后为每个阶段定义一个覆盖指标，即满足该条件的人数与目标人群数量之比，这样一组指标就代表了服务与目标人群之间的相互作用。通过将目标人群限制为根据与服务提供相关的某些条件或人口统计学或社会经济因素区分的特定亚组，覆盖范围的这个定义允许存在被称为“特定覆盖范围”的差异。基于这些概念对覆盖范围进行评估，能够使管理人员识别服务运作中的瓶颈，分析造成此类瓶颈的制约因素，并选择有效的服务发展措施。
