Medeiros R, Lenneberg-Hoshino C, Hoshino K, Tufik S
Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 1998 May;31(5):675-80. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x1998000500012.
It has been proposed that the multiple-platform method (MP) for desynchronized sleep (DS) deprivation eliminates the stress induced by social isolation and by the restriction of locomotion in the single-platform (SP) method. MP, however, induces a higher increase in plasma corticosterone and ACTH levels than SP. Since deprivation is of heuristic value to identify the functional role of this state of sleep, the objective of the present study was to determine the behavioral differences exhibited by rats during sleep deprivation induced by these two methods. All behavioral patterns exhibited by a group of 7 albino male Wistar rats submitted to 4 days of sleep deprivation by the MP method (15 platforms, spaced 150 mm apart) and by 7 other rats submitted to sleep deprivation by the SP method were recorded in order to elaborate an ethogram. The behavioral patterns were quantitated in 10 replications by naive observers using other groups of 7 rats each submitted to the same deprivation schedule. Each quantification session lasted 35 min and the behavioral patterns presented by each rat over a period of 5 min were counted. The results obtained were: a) rats submitted to the MP method changed platforms at a mean rate of 2.62 +/- 1.17 platforms h-1 animal-1; b) the number of episodes of noninteractive waking patterns for the MP animals was significantly higher than that for SP animals (1077 vs 768); c) additional episodes of waking patterns (26.9 +/- 18.9 episodes/session) were promoted by social interaction in MP animals; d) the cumulative number of sleep episodes observed in the MP test (311) was significantly lower (chi-square test, 1 d.f., P < 0.05) than that observed in the SP test (534); e) rats submitted to the MP test did not show the well-known increase in ambulatory activity observed after the end of the SP test; f) comparison of 6 MP and 6 SP rats showed a significantly shorter latency to the onset of DS in MP rats (7.8 +/- 4.3 and 29.0 +/- 25.0 min, respectively; Student t-test, P < 0.05). We conclude that the social interaction occurring in the MP test generates additional stress since it increases the time of forced wakefulness and reduces the time of rest promoted by synchronized sleep.
有人提出，用于剥夺异相睡眠（DS）的多平台方法（MP）消除了单平台（SP）方法中因社会隔离和运动受限所诱发的应激。然而，与SP方法相比，MP方法会使血浆皮质酮和促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）水平出现更高幅度的升高。由于睡眠剥夺对于确定这种睡眠状态的功能作用具有启发价值，因此本研究的目的是确定大鼠在这两种方法所诱发的睡眠剥夺期间表现出的行为差异。记录了一组7只白化雄性Wistar大鼠采用MP方法（15个平台，间距150毫米）进行4天睡眠剥夺以及另外7只大鼠采用SP方法进行睡眠剥夺时所展现的所有行为模式，以制定行为谱。由未接触过实验的观察者对行为模式进行10次重复定量，每次使用另外一组各7只同样按照相同剥夺方案进行实验的大鼠。每次定量过程持续35分钟，并统计每只大鼠在5分钟时间段内呈现的行为模式。获得的结果如下：a）采用MP方法的大鼠更换平台的平均速率为每小时每只动物2.62±1.17个平台；b）MP组动物的非交互清醒模式发作次数显著高于SP组动物（分别为1077次和768次）；c）MP组动物中，社会互动促进了额外的清醒模式发作（每次实验26.9±18.9次发作）；d）MP实验中观察到的睡眠发作累计次数（311次）显著低于SP实验中观察到的次数（534次）（卡方检验，自由度为1，P<0.05）；e）接受MP实验的大鼠在SP实验结束后未出现众所周知的自主活动增加；f）对6只采用MP方法和6只采用SP方法的大鼠进行比较，结果显示MP组大鼠出现DS的潜伏期显著更短（分别为7.8±4.3分钟和29.0±25.0分钟；学生t检验，P<0.05）。我们得出结论，MP实验中发生的社会互动会产生额外的应激，因为它增加了强迫清醒的时间，并减少了同步睡眠所促进的休息时间。
