Coppo R, Porcellini M G, Bonaudo R, Peruzzi L, Amore A, Conti G
Nephrology and Dialysis Department, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Torino, Italy.
J Nephrol. 1998 Jul-Aug;11(4):171-6.
The progressive loss of renal function in children with chronic renal failure (CRF) has a negative influence on their nutritional status and statural growth. Supportive therapies with 1-25 dihydroxy-vitamin D3, recombinant erythropoietin and growth hormone have significantly improved the biochemical and clinical features but the success of these therapies is largely related to an appropriate diet, with adequate protein/caloric intakes. Children more than adults have minimal protein requirements to avoid malnutrition and growth impairment FAO/WHO and RDA recommendations save as guidelines for a correct diet in children with CRF. Following these allowances leads to a "normoproteic" diet, with a protein intake which is often half the unrestricted one in Western European countries, but which is still likely to be not enough to protect against renal deterioration. Indeed the European Study Group for Nutritional Treatment of CRF in children failed to show a significant effect of diet on the mean decline of glomerular filtration rate over two years.
慢性肾衰竭（CRF）患儿肾功能的进行性丧失对其营养状况和身高增长有负面影响。使用1,25-二羟维生素D3、重组促红细胞生成素和生长激素进行的支持性治疗已显著改善了生化和临床特征，但这些治疗的成功很大程度上与适当的饮食有关，即摄入足够的蛋白质/热量。儿童比成人有最低的蛋白质需求，以避免营养不良和生长发育受损。粮农组织/世卫组织和推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）建议可作为CRF患儿正确饮食的指导方针。遵循这些摄入量会导致一种“正常蛋白”饮食，其蛋白质摄入量通常是西欧国家无限制摄入量的一半，但这仍可能不足以防止肾脏恶化。事实上，欧洲儿童CRF营养治疗研究小组未能显示饮食对两年内肾小球滤过率平均下降有显著影响。
