Villegas P
Department of Avian Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-4875, USA.
Poult Sci. 1998 Aug;77(8):1143-5. doi: 10.1093/ps/77.8.1143.
Infectious bronchitis, Newcastle disease, infectious laryngotracheitis, avian influenza, and pneumovirus are the viruses that more frequently affect the respiratory tract of chickens. Because of the tendency to change its antigenic properties, infectious bronchitis is currently the viral disease present in most poultry producing areas of the world. New serotypes and variant strains are reported in several countries. Current commercially available vaccines do not always provide protection against new field isolates. Vaccination programs are constantly adjusted in an attempt to improve protection against this disease. Infectious laryngotracheitis has appeared in the broiler industry as a serious disease. Improved vaccines are needed to control the disease in broilers. In the U.S., the control of the highly pathogenic forms of avian influenza and the velogenic forms of Newcastle disease have been achieved by eradication. In other countries, effective vaccines have been used to control Newcastle and avian influenza. Avian pneumovirus infection is also an emerging disease of chickens and turkeys.
传染性支气管炎、新城疫、传染性喉气管炎、禽流感和肺病毒是较常影响鸡呼吸道的病毒。由于其抗原特性有变化的趋势，传染性支气管炎目前是世界上大多数家禽产区存在的病毒性疾病。几个国家报告了新的血清型和变异株。目前市面上的疫苗并不总能对新的野外分离株提供保护。疫苗接种计划不断调整，试图提高对这种疾病的防护。传染性喉气管炎在肉鸡行业已成为一种严重疾病。需要改进疫苗来控制肉鸡中的这种疾病。在美国，通过根除已实现对高致病性禽流感和速发型新城疫的控制。在其他国家，已使用有效疫苗来控制新城疫和禽流感。禽肺病毒感染也是鸡和火鸡中一种新出现的疾病。
