Friend R, Hatchett L, Schneider M S, Wadhwa N K
Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-2500, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 1997 Fall;19(4):344-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02895152.
Excessive fluid intake in hemodialysis patients can lead to serious cardiovascular complications. However, previous studies have not investigated factors that affect fluid adherence over time. The influence of three sets of factors--attributions, health beliefs, and negative emotions--was examined to determine their influence on changes in fluid adherence over time. We assessed patient's fluid-intake changes across two time periods, as well as their absolute level. The results indicated that attributions, while predicting absolute fluid adherence, did not predict changes in fluid adherence. On the other hand, health beliefs predicted changes in fluid adherence but not absolute levels. Negative emotions predicted neither absolute nor changes in fluid adherence. It is suggested that attributions are more responsible for maintenance and control of stable fluid adherence levels, while health beliefs are more responsible for motivational factors related to changes in fluid adherence over time.
血液透析患者过量摄入液体可导致严重的心血管并发症。然而，以往的研究并未调查随时间推移影响液体摄入量依从性的因素。本研究考察了三组因素——归因、健康信念和负面情绪——对液体摄入量依从性随时间变化的影响。我们评估了患者在两个时间段内的液体摄入变化情况以及液体摄入的绝对水平。结果表明，归因虽然可以预测液体摄入量的绝对依从性，但不能预测液体摄入量依从性的变化。另一方面，健康信念可以预测液体摄入量依从性的变化，但不能预测其绝对水平。负面情绪既不能预测液体摄入量的绝对水平，也不能预测其依从性的变化。研究表明，归因对维持和控制稳定的液体摄入量依从性水平更为重要，而健康信念对与液体摄入量依从性随时间变化相关的动机因素更为重要。
