Wiebe J S, Christensen A J
University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 1997 Winter;19(1):30-5. doi: 10.1007/BF02883424.
Research examining the main effects of health beliefs and personality on medical regimen adherence has yielded inconsistent results. This study tested the hypothesis that health beliefs and personality predict adherence in an interactive manner. Components of the Health Beliefs Model, Conscientiousness (C) from the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, and regimen adherence were assessed in a sample of 70 in-center hemodialysis patients. In a hierarchical regression analysis, the interaction of health beliefs and C failed to explain a significant portion of the variance in interdialysis weight gain, a measure of adherence to fluid restrictions, after controlling for demographic characteristics. The interaction did significantly predict individual differences in serum phosphorus levels, a measure of diet and medication adherence. The effect was primarily attributable to the interaction of C and perceived severity. However, the combination of high C and high perceived severity was associated with poorer patient adherence. Such a pattern may be the result of defective coping patterns associated with high levels of anxious arousal and has implications for therapeutic interventions targeted at modifying health beliefs among chronically ill patients following prescribed medical regimens.
研究健康信念和人格对医疗方案依从性的主要影响，结果并不一致。本研究检验了以下假设：健康信念和人格以交互方式预测依从性。在70名中心血液透析患者样本中，评估了健康信念模型的组成部分、来自大五人格量表的尽责性（C）以及方案依从性。在分层回归分析中，在控制人口统计学特征后，健康信念与尽责性的交互作用未能解释透析间期体重增加（衡量对液体限制的依从性）这一指标中显著比例的方差。该交互作用确实显著预测了血清磷水平（衡量饮食和药物依从性）的个体差异。这种影响主要归因于尽责性与感知严重性的交互作用。然而，高尽责性和高感知严重性的组合与较差的患者依从性相关。这种模式可能是与高度焦虑唤醒相关的应对模式缺陷的结果，并且对旨在改变慢性病患者遵循规定医疗方案时的健康信念的治疗干预具有启示意义。
