Crystal S, Kersting R C
Division of Aging, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
Soc Work Health Care. 1998;28(1):41-60. doi: 10.1300/J010v28n01_03.
This study examined the effects of stress, social support, and health status on distress in a sample of 79 persons with AIDS in New Jersey. The study used New Jersey's AIDS Registry as a geographically based list sampling frame, with data gathered through in-person interviews. The study examined the effects of health status (operationalized as symptom burden), stress (operationalized with a stressful-life-events scale), social support from friends, and social support from family on depression as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. We examined the differential effects of friend support and of family support at differing levels of stressful life events. Results indicate that health status and stressful life events both have substantial impact on distress. Friend support reduced distress under lower-stress conditions, while family support reduced distress under high-stress conditions. These results suggest that social support from peers is critical for emotional well-being of persons with HIV in many circumstances, but that in periods of crisis family support becomes a more important determinant of emotional well-being.
本研究调查了压力、社会支持和健康状况对新泽西州79名艾滋病患者痛苦程度的影响。该研究以新泽西州艾滋病登记处为基于地理位置的列表抽样框架，通过面对面访谈收集数据。研究考察了健康状况（以症状负担衡量）、压力（用应激性生活事件量表衡量）、来自朋友的社会支持以及来自家人的社会支持对通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）测量的抑郁的影响。我们研究了在不同应激性生活事件水平下朋友支持和家庭支持的不同作用。结果表明，健康状况和应激性生活事件都对痛苦程度有重大影响。在低压力条件下，朋友支持减轻了痛苦，而在高压力条件下，家庭支持减轻了痛苦。这些结果表明，在许多情况下，来自同龄人的社会支持对艾滋病毒感染者的情绪健康至关重要，但在危机时期，家庭支持成为情绪健康的更重要决定因素。
