Timbal J, Loncle M, Boutelier C
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1976 Sep;47(9):958-64.
A mathematical model has been developed to anticipate the physiological responses and the thermal state of a naked human under exposure to cold, taking into account his morphological characteristics (skinfold, size, weight) and the environmental conditions (air or water temperature and velocity, barometric pressure and hygrometry). The skinfold conditions the body's thermal conductance and the metabolism depends both on rectal (Tre) and mean skin (Tsk) temperatures. After being tested, this model was used to study the evolution of Tre. It shows the influence of the skinfold which accounts for most of the inter-individual differences. It also permits discussion of survival possibilities during immersion and completes data provided by previously established curves.
已经开发出一种数学模型，用于预测裸体人体在寒冷环境中的生理反应和热状态，该模型考虑了人体的形态特征（皮褶厚度、身高、体重）以及环境条件（空气或水温、风速、气压和湿度）。皮褶厚度影响身体的热传导，而新陈代谢既取决于直肠温度（Tre），也取决于平均皮肤温度（Tsk）。经过测试后，该模型被用于研究直肠温度的变化情况。它显示了皮褶厚度的影响，而皮褶厚度是个体间差异的主要原因。它还可以用于讨论浸没过程中的生存可能性，并完善先前建立的曲线所提供的数据。
