Bladé J, Kyle R A
Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Leuk Lymphoma. 1998 Aug;30(5-6):493-501. doi: 10.3109/10428199809057562.
Multiple myeloma (MM) in patients younger than 40 or 30 years accounts for only 2% and 0.3% of all myelomas, respectively. The presenting clinical and laboratory features are similar to those observed in patients of all ages who have myeloma, except a higher proportion of young patients have only light-chain myeloma. Some very young patients, particularly those younger than 30 years, have multiple skeletal lesions with extramedullary spread and a small M-component with few bone marrow plasma cells. In young patients with MM, particularly in those with good prognostic features (that is, normal renal function or low beta2-microglobulin level) and also in those younger than 30 years, the survival is longer than that in series of patients of all ages with MM. Young patients with MM might benefit from early high-dose therapy followed by autologous or allogeneic stem cell rescue. The current status of autologous and allogeneic transplantation in MM is reviewed.
40岁以下或30岁以下的多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者分别仅占所有骨髓瘤患者的2%和0.3%。其临床表现和实验室特征与所有年龄段骨髓瘤患者的表现相似，只是年轻患者中仅为轻链骨髓瘤的比例更高。一些非常年轻的患者，尤其是30岁以下的患者，有多处骨骼病变并伴有髓外扩散，且M成分较小，骨髓浆细胞较少。在年轻的MM患者中，特别是那些具有良好预后特征（即肾功能正常或β2-微球蛋白水平低）的患者以及30岁以下的患者，其生存期比所有年龄段MM患者系列的生存期更长。年轻的MM患者可能会从早期大剂量治疗后进行自体或异基因干细胞救援中获益。本文综述了MM自体和异基因移植的现状。
