Bowman R J, Williamson T H, Andrews R G, Aitchison T C, Dutton G N
Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1998 May;82(5):543-8. doi: 10.1136/bjo.82.5.543.
The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome of the treatment of amblyopia as a sequel to preschool screening, which has not hither-to been described.
All patients originally referred from a preschool screening programme were recalled for examination by letter. 255 patients were reviewed at least 4 years after discharge of which 88 were definitely amblyopic at presentation and 107 were not amblyopic at presentation and were used as controls.
79% of the amblyopes improved or maintained visual acuity after discharge but this was reduced to 42% after an age induced increase (estimated from the controls) was compensated for. The mean drop in visual acuity in the amblyopic eyes which deteriorated was 0.23 (SD 0.15) logMAR units. Stepwise multiple linear regression showed that the best single predictor of post-discharge deterioration in visual acuity was the improvement in visual acuity seen during treatment (R2 = 19%). Eccentric fixation at time of follow up (increasing R2 to 47%) and good presenting acuity (further raising R2 to 57%) contributed additional information, and were both associated with greater post-discharge deterioration in visual acuity.
The majority of amblyopes who attended for follow up maintained or improved their visual acuities after discharge. Those patients who demonstrated deterioration of their amblyopia had usually improved well during the programme and were often fixating eccentrically at follow up.
本研究旨在调查作为学龄前筛查后续结果的弱视治疗的长期疗效，此前尚无相关描述。
所有最初来自学龄前筛查项目的患者均通过信件召回进行检查。255例患者在出院至少4年后接受复查，其中88例初诊时确诊为弱视，107例初诊时非弱视，用作对照。
79%的弱视患者出院后视力提高或维持，但在补偿年龄增长（根据对照估计）后，这一比例降至42%。视力恶化的弱视眼平均视力下降0.23（标准差0.15）logMAR单位。逐步多元线性回归显示，出院后视力恶化的最佳单一预测因素是治疗期间视力的改善（R2 = 19%）。随访时的偏心注视（R2增加到47%）和良好的初诊视力（R2进一步提高到57%）提供了额外信息，且均与出院后视力更大程度的恶化相关。
大多数接受随访的弱视患者出院后视力维持或提高。弱视病情恶化的患者通常在治疗期间改善良好，且随访时往往存在偏心注视。
