Conibear E, Stevens T H
Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Aug 14;1404(1-2):211-30. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4889(98)00058-5.
Newly synthesized proteins that reach the last compartment of the Golgi complex can be sorted into pathways leading either to the cell surface or to the vacuole. It now appears that there are at least two routes from the Golgi to the vacuole: the 'CPY pathway', which involves transit through an endosomal/prevacuolar compartment (PVC), and a recently discovered 'ALP pathway', which bypasses the PVC, but may involve other as yet unidentified intermediate compartments. No cytosolic signal has been identified that directs the entry of membrane proteins into the CPY pathway. In contrast, the transport of ALP through the ALP pathway is saturable and signal mediated. Much recent work has focused on the identification of proteins that regulate trafficking to the vacuole. A number of genes have been identified that are specific for either the CPY or ALP sorting pathways, while other genes affect both types of transport and may therefore act at or after a point of convergence. Progress has also been made in further elucidating the members of the SNARE complexes that act in Golgi-to-PVC transport as well as those that mediate fusion with the vacuole.
新合成的、抵达高尔基体复合体最后一个区室的蛋白质能够被分选进入通向细胞表面或液泡的途径。现在看来，从高尔基体到液泡至少有两条途径：“羧肽酶Y（CPY）途径”，该途径涉及通过一个内体/前液泡区室（PVC）转运；以及最近发现的“碱性磷酸酶（ALP）途径”，该途径绕过PVC，但可能涉及其他尚未明确的中间区室。尚未鉴定出指导膜蛋白进入CPY途径的胞质信号。相比之下，ALP通过ALP途径的运输是可饱和的且由信号介导。最近的许多工作都集中在鉴定调控向液泡运输的蛋白质上。已经鉴定出一些分别对CPY或ALP分选途径具有特异性的基因，而其他基因则影响这两种类型的运输，因此可能在汇聚点或汇聚点之后起作用。在进一步阐明参与高尔基体到PVC运输以及介导与液泡融合的SNARE复合体成员方面也取得了进展。
