Li G, Keyl P M, Rothman R, Chanmugam A, Kelen G D
Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-2080, USA.
Acad Emerg Med. 1998 Aug;5(8):788-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02505.x.
To examine the population and geographic patterns, patient characteristics, and clinical presentations and outcomes of alcohol-related ED visits at a national level.
Cross-sectional data on a probability sample of 21,886 ED visits from the 1995 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey were analyzed with consideration of the individual patient visit weight. The annual number and rates of alcohol-related ED visits were computed based on weighted analysis in relation to demographic characteristics and geographic region. Specific variables of alcohol-related ED visits examined included demographic and medical characteristics, patient-reported reasons for visit, and physicians' principal diagnoses.
Of the 96.5 million ED visits in 1995, an estimated 2.6 million (2.7%) were related to alcohol abuse. The overall annual rate of alcohol-related ED visits was 10.0 visits per 1,000 population [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.7-11.3]. Higher rates were found for men (14.7 per 1,000, 95% CI 12.5-16.9), adults aged 25 to 44 years (17.8 per 1,000, 95% CI 15.0-20.6), blacks (18.1 per 1,000, 95% CI 14.0-22.1), and residents living in the northeast region (15.2 per 1,000, 95% CI 12.1-18.2). Patients whose visits were alcohol-related were more likely than other patients to be uninsured, smokers, or depressive. Alcohol-related ED visits were 1.6 times as likely as other visits to be injury-related, and 1.8 times as likely to be rated as "urgent" or "emergent." The leading principal reasons for alcohol-related ED visits were complaints of pain, injury, and drinking problems. Alcohol abuse/dependence was the principal diagnosis for 20% of the alcohol-related visits.
Alcohol abuse poses a major burden on the emergency medical care system. The age, gender, and geographic characteristics of alcohol-related ED visits are consistent with drinking patterns in the general population.
在国家层面研究与酒精相关的急诊就诊的人群和地理模式、患者特征、临床表现及结局。
对1995年全国医院门诊医疗调查中21886次急诊就诊概率样本的横断面数据进行分析，并考虑个体患者就诊权重。基于与人口统计学特征和地理区域相关的加权分析，计算与酒精相关的急诊就诊的年度数量和发生率。所研究的与酒精相关的急诊就诊的具体变量包括人口统计学和医学特征、患者报告的就诊原因以及医生的主要诊断。
在1995年的9650万次急诊就诊中，估计有260万次（2.7%）与酒精滥用有关。与酒精相关的急诊就诊的总体年发生率为每1000人中有10.0次就诊[95%置信区间（CI）8.7 - 11.3]。男性（每1000人中有14.7次，95% CI 12.5 - 16.9）、25至44岁的成年人（每1000人中有17.8次，95% CI 15.0 - 20.6）、黑人（每1000人中有18.1次，95% CI 14.0 - 22.1）以及居住在东北地区的居民（每1000人中有15.2次，95% CI 12.1 - 18.2）的发生率更高。与酒精相关的急诊就诊患者比其他患者更有可能未参保、吸烟或患有抑郁症。与酒精相关的急诊就诊与损伤相关的可能性是其他就诊的1.6倍，被评为“紧急”或“急症”的可能性是其他就诊的1.8倍。与酒精相关的急诊就诊的主要原因是疼痛、损伤和饮酒问题的主诉。酒精滥用/依赖是20%的与酒精相关就诊的主要诊断。
酒精滥用给急诊医疗系统带来了重大负担。与酒精相关的急诊就诊的年龄、性别和地理特征与一般人群的饮酒模式一致。
