Yamano M, Miyata K, Yamada T
Pharmacology Laboratories, Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Jpn J Pharmacol. 1998 Jul;77(3):185-91. doi: 10.1254/jjp.77.185.
Effects of retrograde injection into the pancreatic duct and intravenous infusion of pancreatic enzymes and bile salt on the pancreas and other vital organs such as the liver and the lung were investigated in rats. Intraductal injection (1 ml/kg) of alpha-chymotrypsin (50-100 mg/ml), trypsin (10-100 mg/ml), pancreatic elastase (10 mg/ml), lipase (100-300 mg/ml), pancreatic kallikrein (25 mg/ml) and sodium taurocholate (50 mg/ml) solutions significantly increased pancreatic water content. Alpha-chymotrypsin, pancreatic elastase, taurocholate and trypsin elicited gross pancreatic hemorrhage. In contrast, lipase and kallikrein elicited gross pancreatic edema, but not hemorrhage. Intravenous infusion of trypsin (1 mg/kg/hr) and pancreatic elastase (10 mg/kg/hr) significantly increased pulmonary vascular permeability in rats, whereas infusion of neutrophil elastase (0.3 mg/kg/hr) did not elicit these effects. Only trypsin slightly reduced arterial oxygen pressure. These results show pancreatic enzymes and bile salts induce pancreatic inflammation after retrograde injection into the pancreatic duct in rats. Furthermore, trypsin and pancreatic elastase extravasation into the vascular system can lead to pulmonary dysfunction in rats.
在大鼠中研究了向胰管逆行注射以及静脉输注胰酶和胆盐对胰腺以及肝脏和肺等其他重要器官的影响。向胰管内注射（1毫升/千克）α-糜蛋白酶（50 - 100毫克/毫升）、胰蛋白酶（10 - 100毫克/毫升）、胰弹性蛋白酶（10毫克/毫升）、脂肪酶（100 - 300毫克/毫升）、胰激肽释放酶（25毫克/毫升）和牛磺胆酸钠（50毫克/毫升）溶液显著增加了胰腺含水量。α-糜蛋白酶、胰弹性蛋白酶、胆盐和胰蛋白酶引起了胰腺明显出血。相比之下，脂肪酶和激肽释放酶引起了胰腺明显水肿，但未引起出血。静脉输注胰蛋白酶（1毫克/千克/小时）和胰弹性蛋白酶（10毫克/千克/小时）显著增加了大鼠的肺血管通透性，而输注中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶（0.3毫克/千克/小时）未产生这些影响。只有胰蛋白酶略微降低了动脉血氧分压。这些结果表明，胰酶和胆盐在大鼠胰管逆行注射后可诱导胰腺炎症。此外，胰蛋白酶和胰弹性蛋白酶渗入血管系统可导致大鼠肺功能障碍。
