Alterman A I, Bedrick J, Cacciola J S, Rutherford M J, Searles J S, McKay J R, Cook T G
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine & Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 1998 Sep;59(5):495-502. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1998.59.495.
Three groups varying in familial alcoholism risk were compared with respect to amount of alcohol consumption, presence of personality pathology, and the relationship between personality pathology and alcohol consumption.
Research subjects were young adult men recruited from local colleges, a trade school and the community. The risk groups included (1) a group with a biological alcoholic father and significant additional familial alcoholism (n = 106); (2) subjects with an alcoholic father, but without significant additional familial alcoholism (n = 100); and (3) a group with no paternal alcoholism and at most only one second/third-degree alcoholic relative (n = 190). Absolute daily ounces of alcohol was determined using a standard quantity-frequency scale. Prevalence of DSM-III-R personality disorders (PDs) was evaluated using the Personality Disorder Questionnaire-Revised both with and without application of an impairment and distress scale. Familial risk determination was based on agreement between four separate self-report assessments.
The first group consumed significantly more alcohol than the other two groups, which did not differ in alcohol consumption. The first group's subjects were more likely to meet criteria for virtually all of the PD diagnoses than were the other two groups. A greater proportion of the second group's subjects qualified for various PDs than did the third group's subjects. Personality pathology was consistently or usually associated with more drinking in the first and third groups, respectively, but associated with less consumption in the second group.
Young men with high-density familial alcoholism are at greater risk for the development of alcoholism than those with alcoholic fathers and little additional familial alcoholism. Relationships between personality pathology and alcohol consumption, and possibly the development of alcoholism, differ for the three risk groups.
比较三组在家族性酒精中毒风险方面存在差异的人群在酒精消费量、人格病理学表现以及人格病理学与酒精消费之间的关系。
研究对象为从当地大学、一所职业学校和社区招募的年轻成年男性。风险组包括：（1）有生物学上酗酒的父亲且有显著额外家族性酒精中毒的一组（n = 106）；（2）有酗酒父亲但无显著额外家族性酒精中毒的受试者（n = 100）；（3）无父亲酗酒且至多只有一个二级/三级酗酒亲属的一组（n = 190）。使用标准的数量 - 频率量表确定每日酒精摄入量的绝对盎司数。使用修订后的人格障碍问卷，在应用和不应用损害与痛苦量表的情况下，评估DSM - III - R人格障碍（PDs）的患病率。家族风险的确定基于四项独立自我报告评估的一致性。
第一组的酒精消费量显著高于其他两组，而其他两组的酒精消费量没有差异。第一组的受试者比其他两组更有可能符合几乎所有PD诊断的标准。第二组中符合各种PD的受试者比例高于第三组。在第一组和第三组中，人格病理学分别始终或通常与更多饮酒相关，但在第二组中与较少饮酒相关。
与有酗酒父亲但家族性酒精中毒较少的男性相比，高密度家族性酒精中毒的年轻男性患酒精中毒的风险更高。这三个风险组在人格病理学与酒精消费之间的关系以及可能与酒精中毒的发展方面存在差异。
