Pitche P, Amanga Y, Koumouvi K, Oniankitan O, Mijiyawa M, Tchangaï-Walla K
Service de Dermato-Vénéréologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tokoin, Lomé, Togo.
Med Trop (Mars). 1998;58(1):65-8.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the epidemiological and semiological profile of scleroderma in Black Africa. Medical records of patients who consulted in the Dermatology Clinic and the Rheumatology Clinic of the Teaching Hospital in Lomé, Togo between 1980 and 1996 and between 1989 and 1996 respectively were reviewed. Scleroderma was diagnosed in 18 of the 34,169 patients seen during the study periods (0,05%). The disease was systemic in 13 cases (8 females, 5 males; mean age: 31 years) and localized in 5 cases (mean age: 20 years). There were no predisposing occupational or therapeutic factors. The clinical manifestations were Raynaud's phenomenon in six of the 13 patients with systemic scleroderma. Extensive cutaneous sclerosis in 10 cases, poikiloderma in seven cases, dysphagia in three cases, pulmonary fibrosis in four cases, and polyarthralgia in two cases. Myalgia and renal involvement were not observed. The findings of this study documents the low incidence of scleroderma in Togo. The high frequency of extensive cutaneous sclerosis, poikiloderma and low frequency of Raynaud's phenomenon which were often mild are the most remarkable features of the disease in Lomé. These features have been pointed out previously but epidemiologic data is still insufficient to confirm the existence of an African form of scleroderma.
这项回顾性研究的目的是确定非洲黑人地区硬皮病的流行病学和症状学特征。分别查阅了1980年至1996年以及1989年至1996年期间在多哥洛美教学医院皮肤科和风湿病科就诊患者的病历。在研究期间就诊的34169名患者中，有18例被诊断为硬皮病（0.05%）。其中13例为系统性硬皮病（8名女性，5名男性；平均年龄：31岁），5例为局限性硬皮病（平均年龄：20岁）。不存在诱发的职业或治疗因素。13例系统性硬皮病患者中有6例出现雷诺现象。10例出现广泛皮肤硬化，7例出现皮肤异色症，3例出现吞咽困难，4例出现肺纤维化，2例出现多关节痛。未观察到肌痛和肾脏受累情况。本研究结果证明了多哥硬皮病的低发病率。广泛皮肤硬化、皮肤异色症的高发生率以及雷诺现象（通常较轻）的低发生率是洛美地区该疾病最显著的特征。这些特征此前已被指出，但流行病学数据仍不足以证实存在非洲型硬皮病。
