Priebe S, Warner R, Hubschmid T, Eckle I
St. Bartholomew's School of Medicine, Academic Unit, East Ham Memorial Hospital, United Kingdom.
Schizophr Bull. 1998;24(3):469-77. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033341.
This study examines attitudes toward work, work incentives, and the impact of work on quality of life for people with schizophrenia, and investigates whether these findings differ among Western countries. We interviewed 24 randomly selected subjects with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder (12 employed and 12 unemployed) at each of three sites: Boulder, Colorado, United States; Berlin, Germany; and Berne, Switzerland. No significant differences were found in the subjects' attitudes toward work or subjective well-being, although Swiss patients had a higher cost-of-living-adjusted income. Unemployed subjects reported a lower subjective reservation (minimum financially worthwhile) wage than employed subjects in Berlin and Berne, whereas the reverse was true in Boulder. When subjects from all sites were combined, employed patients displayed less psychopathology and significant advantages in terms of objective and subjective measures of income and well-being: They were also more likely to stress the importance of work. The results suggest that work is associated with a markedly better quality of life for people with schizophrenia, but that disability pension programs in the United States might introduce work disincentives.
本研究考察了精神分裂症患者对工作的态度、工作激励因素以及工作对生活质量的影响，并调查了这些结果在西方国家之间是否存在差异。我们在美国科罗拉多州博尔德、德国柏林和瑞士伯尔尼这三个地点，分别随机选取了24名患有精神分裂症和分裂情感性障碍的受试者（12名就业者和12名失业者）进行访谈。尽管瑞士患者经生活成本调整后的收入较高，但在受试者对工作的态度或主观幸福感方面未发现显著差异。在柏林和伯尔尼，失业受试者报告的主观保留工资（最低经济价值）低于就业受试者，而在博尔德则相反。当将所有地点的受试者合并在一起时，就业患者表现出较少的精神病理学症状，并且在收入和幸福感的客观及主观衡量指标方面具有显著优势：他们也更有可能强调工作的重要性。结果表明，工作与精神分裂症患者明显更好的生活质量相关，但美国的残疾抚恤金计划可能会产生工作抑制因素。
