Zvulunov A, Amichai B, Grunwald M H, Avinoach I, Halevy S
Department of Dermatology, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Pediatr Dermatol. 1998 Jul-Aug;15(4):277-81. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1470.1998.1998015277.x.
Bronchogenic cyst is a benign congenital developmental abnormality of the embryonic foregut. The most common extrapulmonary location of these lesions is the mediastinum. Over 50 cases of cutaneous bronchogenic cyst were reported in the English literature. Nevertheless, it is poorly recognized by clinicians and is sometimes confused with branchial cyst. In almost all cases the diagnosis is established by histopathologic examination. We report an unusual clinical presentation of bronchogenic cyst in a 4-year-old girl and review the literature. This lesion is four times more common in males than in females. The most common location is the suprasternal notch, followed by the presternal area, neck, and scapula. The characteristic histologic findings are a ciliated pseudostratified epithelial lining with the presence of smooth muscle cells, goblet cells and, less frequently, cartilage. Our review of the clinical and histologic features of all reported cases further delineates this entity and may facilitate its clinical diagnosis. Bronchogenic cyst should be included in the differential diagnosis of congenital cystic and nodular skin lesions on the upper chest, upper back, and neck.
支气管源性囊肿是胚胎前肠的一种良性先天性发育异常。这些病变最常见的肺外部位是纵隔。英文文献中报道了50多例皮肤支气管源性囊肿。然而，临床医生对其认识不足，有时会与鳃裂囊肿混淆。几乎在所有病例中，诊断都是通过组织病理学检查确定的。我们报告了一名4岁女孩支气管源性囊肿的不寻常临床表现并复习文献。这种病变在男性中的发生率是女性的四倍。最常见的部位是胸骨上切迹，其次是胸骨前区、颈部和肩胛骨。特征性的组织学表现是有纤毛的假复层上皮内衬，伴有平滑肌细胞、杯状细胞，较少见的还有软骨。我们对所有报道病例的临床和组织学特征进行的复习进一步明确了这一实体，可能有助于其临床诊断。支气管源性囊肿应列入上胸部、上背部和颈部先天性囊性和结节性皮肤病变的鉴别诊断中。
