Kumar M S, Mudaliar S, Daniels D
Institute of Mental Health, Punarjeevan Drug Treatment Centre, Madras.
Public Health Rep. 1998 Jun;113 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):58-66.
Community-based outreach to drug injectors is an important component of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategy. The purpose of this chapter is to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based outreach HIV intervention that has been implemented in two locations in the city of Madras, India, to reduce risk behaviors for HIV transmission.
Baseline data were collected for street-recruited injecting drug users (IDUs) at two outreach locations in Madras, India (n = 250), and follow-up data are available at 18 months (n = 61). Baseline (n = 150) and follow-up data (n = 87) were obtained from control group of IDUs recruited from locations at which outreach services were not utilized.
Significant decline in injecting risk behavior was noted at 18-month follow-up from baseline for the IDUs recruited from outreach locations.
Results indicate that outreach service for drug users produce significant changes in injecting risk behavior but that sexual risk behavior is difficult to change. There are problems in implementing and evaluating the interventions, and the research findings are limited because HIV serodata were not studied for all participants.
针对吸毒者开展基于社区的外展服务是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）预防策略的重要组成部分。本章的目的是评估在印度马德拉斯市两个地点实施的基于社区的外展HIV干预措施在降低HIV传播风险行为方面的效果。
在印度马德拉斯市的两个外展地点，对街头招募的注射吸毒者（IDU）收集基线数据（n = 250），并在18个月时获得随访数据（n = 61）。基线数据（n = 150）和随访数据（n = 87）来自未使用外展服务地点招募的IDU对照组。
从外展地点招募的IDU在18个月随访时，注射风险行为较基线有显著下降。
结果表明，针对吸毒者的外展服务在注射风险行为方面产生了显著变化，但性风险行为难以改变。在实施和评估干预措施方面存在问题，并且由于未对所有参与者进行HIV血清学数据研究，研究结果有限。
