Page A, Fox K R
Exercise and Health Research Unit, University of Bristol, UK.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 Aug;22(8):786-92. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800661.
Young people are often seen as an important target for prevention of overweight, but we know little about the factors which are important for their weight management decisions. This study aimed to evaluate the extent to which elements of body composition and dimensions were implicated in their decisions to change their weight.
Participants were 116 male and 126 female volunteers from a tertiary college in the south-west of England with a mean age of 17.90 (s.d. = 1.90) y.
Body composition measures included height (m), weight (kg), waist and hip circumferences (mm), shoulder and hip girths (mm) and skinfold thicknesses (triceps, calf and subscapular, mm). Students also provided self-reported information on dietary practices they had undertaken in the last year.
More females reported attempting weight loss in the last year compared to males (51.5 vs 17.6%), although more males reported attempting weight gain (19.3 vs 2.3%). Reported dietary strategies for both males and females centred around eating less fatty foods, eating less than usual and exercising more. However, a significant proportion of females also reported excessive strategies, such as self-induced vomiting and regular crash dieting. Results indicated that females who desired to lose weight were significantly (P < 0.05) heavier, and bigger in terms of circumferences and skeletal breadths, compared to females who did not wish to change their weight. For males, the 'weight loss' group were significantly (P < 0.05) bigger, heavier and fatter compared to the 'no change' and 'weight gain' group. For females only, the previously significant main effect for body dimensions across weight management groups (Pillais F(14,188) = 3.81, P < 0.001) was extinguished when controlling for bone dimensions (Pillais F(12,198) = 1.68, P = 0.074).
These results indicate that frame size, particularly in the lower trunk, is a more important predictor of female weight management decision-making, than their levels of fatness. For males, fatness appears to drive their weight management decision-making processes to a greater extent.
年轻人常被视为预防超重的重要目标人群，但我们对影响他们体重管理决策的重要因素知之甚少。本研究旨在评估身体成分和维度因素在他们改变体重决策中所起作用的程度。
参与者为来自英格兰西南部一所高等院校的116名男性和126名女性志愿者，平均年龄17.90岁（标准差 = 1.90岁）。
身体成分测量指标包括身高（米）、体重（千克）、腰围和臀围（毫米）、肩围和臀围（毫米）以及皮褶厚度（肱三头肌、小腿和肩胛下，毫米）。学生们还提供了他们在过去一年所采取的饮食习惯的自我报告信息。
与男性相比，去年报告尝试减肥的女性更多（51.5% 对17.6%），不过报告尝试增重的男性更多（19.3% 对2.3%）。男性和女性报告的饮食策略都集中在少吃高脂肪食物、比平时少吃以及多锻炼。然而，相当一部分女性还报告了极端策略，如自我催吐和经常快速节食。结果表明，与不希望改变体重的女性相比，希望减肥的女性体重更重，腰围和骨骼宽度更大，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。对于男性，“减肥”组与“体重不变”组和“增重”组相比，明显更胖、更重且更丰满（P < 0.05）。仅对于女性而言，在控制骨骼维度后，体重管理组间身体维度先前显著的主效应（Pillais F(14,188) = 3.81，P < 0.001）消失了（Pillais F(12,198) = 1.68，P = 0.074）。
这些结果表明，体型大小，尤其是下半身的体型，在女性体重管理决策中是比她们的肥胖程度更重要的预测因素。对于男性，肥胖程度似乎在更大程度上驱动着他们的体重管理决策过程。
