Purohit V
Biomedical Research Branch, Division of Basic Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7003, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Aug;22(5):994-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03694.x.
This report reviews the literature to evaluate association between moderate alcohol consumption and estrogen levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Of the eight studies available in literature on postmenopausal women who were not on estrogen therapy, two analyzed urine samples and six analyzed blood samples for estrogen levels. Of the two urine sample studies, only one reported positive association (p < 0.05) between alcohol consumption and estrogen (estrone and estradiol) levels that increased by 16 to 20%. Of the six blood sample studies, only two--one in American women and one in European women--reported significant increases (p < 0.05) in estradiol levels in response to alcohol consumption. In the American women study, estradiol levels increased only with wine and not with beer or whiskey. In the European women study, estradiol levels increased in Danish and Portuguese women, but not in Spanish women. Thus, further studies are required to establish correlation between moderate alcohol consumption and estrogen levels in postmenopausal women. Of the two studies on postmenopausal women who were on estrogen replacement therapy, one administered estradiol through transdermal patch (0.15 mg) and one orally (1 mg/day). In both studies, blood estradiol levels were measured after administering a single dose of ethanol orally (0.7-0.75 g/kg of body weight). Estradiol levels were increased by 22 and 300% in the transdermal patch and oral studies, respectively. These results suggest that alcohol consumption may increase blood estradiol levels in postmenopausal women who are on estrogen replacement therapy, and this may increase the risk of breast cancer.
本报告回顾了相关文献，以评估健康绝经后女性适度饮酒与雌激素水平之间的关联。在文献中可获取的八项针对未接受雌激素治疗的绝经后女性的研究中，两项分析了尿液样本，六项分析了血液样本中的雌激素水平。在两项尿液样本研究中，只有一项报告了饮酒与雌激素（雌酮和雌二醇）水平之间存在正相关（p < 0.05），雌激素水平升高了16%至20%。在六项血液样本研究中，只有两项——一项针对美国女性，一项针对欧洲女性——报告了饮酒后雌二醇水平有显著升高（p < 0.05）。在美国女性的研究中，只有饮用葡萄酒时雌二醇水平才会升高，饮用啤酒或威士忌则不会。在欧洲女性的研究中，丹麦和葡萄牙女性的雌二醇水平升高了，但西班牙女性没有。因此，需要进一步研究来确定绝经后女性适度饮酒与雌激素水平之间的相关性。在两项针对接受雌激素替代疗法的绝经后女性的研究中，一项通过经皮贴片（0.15毫克）给予雌二醇，另一项口服（每日1毫克）。在两项研究中，口服单剂量乙醇（0.7 - 0.75克/千克体重）后测量血液雌二醇水平。在经皮贴片和口服研究中，雌二醇水平分别升高了22%和300%。这些结果表明，饮酒可能会使接受雌激素替代疗法的绝经后女性的血液雌二醇水平升高，这可能会增加患乳腺癌的风险。
