Greisner W A, Settipane R J, Settipane G A
Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Allergy Asthma Proc. 1998 Jul-Aug;19(4):185-8. doi: 10.2500/108854198778557836.
The purpose of this study is to examine the co-existence of asthma and allergic rhinitis among former college students who were diagnosed with these diseases either before or after their freshman year. A total of 738 former Brown University students (69% males and 31% females) who were evaluated and underwent skin testing during their freshman year completed a 23-year follow-up questionnaire inquiring of their history of allergies and asthma. The mean age of the participants at the time of the follow-up study was 40 years. In this group, the cumulative incidence of asthma was 11.3% (84/738), hay fever was 41.5% (306/738), and nonseasonal allergic rhinitis was 14.0% (103/738). The cumulative incidence of allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and/or nonseasonal allergic rhinitis (was 45.8% (338/738). Among the 84 individuals with a cumulative incidence of asthma, 63 (75.0%) had a history of hay fever, 27 (32.1%) had a history of nonseasonal allergic rhinitis, and 72 (85.7%) had a history of allergic rhinitis. Among the 306 participants with a cumulative incidence of hay fever, 63 (20.6%) had a history of asthma. Twenty-seven (26.2%) of the 103 individuals with a history of nonseasonal allergic rhinitis had a cumulative incidence of asthma. Among the 338 individuals with a cumulative incidence of allergic rhinitis 72 (21.3%) had a history of asthma. Among the participants with a history of both asthma and hay fever, 44.8% developed hay fever first, 34.5% developed asthma first, and 20.7% developed both diseases at the same time. Among the individuals with a history of asthma and nonseasonal allergic rhinitis, 38.5% developed nonseasonal allergic rhinitis first, 30.8% developed asthma first, and 30.8% developed both diseases at the same time. This study further demonstrates the frequent co-existence of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Among asthmatics, allergic rhinitis occurred in 85.7%. Only 14.3% of asthmatics did not have allergic rhinitis. Among individuals with allergic rhinitis, asthma occurred in 21.3%. Also, allergic rhinitis often precedes or occurs at the same time as asthma.
本研究的目的是调查那些在大学一年级之前或之后被诊断患有哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的 former college students 中这两种疾病的共存情况。共有 738 名 former Brown University students（69%为男性，31%为女性）在大学一年级时接受了评估并进行了皮肤测试，他们完成了一份为期 23 年的随访问卷，询问其过敏和哮喘病史。随访研究时参与者的平均年龄为 40 岁。在这个群体中，哮喘的累积发病率为 11.3%（84/738），花粉症为 41.5%（306/738），非季节性过敏性鼻炎为 14.0%（103/738）。过敏性鼻炎（花粉症）和/或非季节性过敏性鼻炎的累积发病率为 45.8%（338/738）。在 84 例哮喘累积发病率的个体中，63 例（75.0%）有花粉症病史，27 例（32.1%）有非季节性过敏性鼻炎病史，72 例（85.7%）有过敏性鼻炎病史。在 306 例花粉症累积发病率的参与者中，63 例（20.6%）有哮喘病史。103 例有非季节性过敏性鼻炎病史的个体中，27 例（26.2%）有哮喘累积发病率。在 338 例过敏性鼻炎累积发病率的个体中，72 例（21.3%）有哮喘病史。在有哮喘和花粉症病史的参与者中，44.8%先出现花粉症，34.5%先出现哮喘，20.7%同时出现这两种疾病。在有哮喘和非季节性过敏性鼻炎病史的个体中，38.5%先出现非季节性过敏性鼻炎，30.8%先出现哮喘，30.8%同时出现这两种疾病。本研究进一步证明了哮喘和过敏性鼻炎经常共存。在哮喘患者中，过敏性鼻炎的发生率为 85.7%。只有 14.3%的哮喘患者没有过敏性鼻炎。在有过敏性鼻炎的个体中，哮喘的发生率为 21.3%。此外，过敏性鼻炎通常先于哮喘出现或与哮喘同时出现。
