Kapur P, Caty M G, Glick P L
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Buffalo, New York, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1998 Aug;45(4):773-89. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70044-4.
Hernias and hydroceles are common conditions of infancy and childhood, and inguinal hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed pediatric surgical operations. As a result of improved neonatal intensive care, more and more premature babies are being delivered, and consequently the incidence of neonatal inguinal hernia is increasing. The most important aspect of the management of neonatal inguinal hernias relate to its risk on incarceration, and emphasis is placed on this point. This article covers the embryology, incidence, clinical presentation, and treatment of groin hernias and hydroceles, as well as dealing with abdominal wall hernias other than umbilical hernias. This article places special emphasis on when a patient with a hernia or hydrocele should be referred to a pediatric surgeon.
疝气和鞘膜积液是婴幼儿期的常见病症，腹股沟疝修补术是最常开展的小儿外科手术之一。由于新生儿重症监护水平的提高，越来越多的早产儿得以出生，因此新生儿腹股沟疝的发病率正在上升。新生儿腹股沟疝管理中最重要的方面与其嵌顿风险相关，本文着重阐述这一点。本文涵盖腹股沟疝和鞘膜积液的胚胎学、发病率、临床表现及治疗，以及除脐疝以外的腹壁疝的处理。本文特别强调疝气或鞘膜积液患者何时应转诊给小儿外科医生。
