Palepu A, Carr P L, Friedman R H, Amos H, Ash A S, Moskowitz M A
Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Mass 02118, USA.
JAMA. 1998 Sep 2;280(9):767-71. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.9.767.
Previous studies have found that fewer minority medical school faculty hold senior professorial ranks than do majority faculty and may not be promoted as rapidly.
To determine whether minority faculty were as likely as majority faculty to have attained senior rank (associate professor or full professor) after adjusting for other factors that typically influence promotion.
A self-administered mailed survey of US medical school faculty using the Association of American Medical Colleges database. The sample was stratified by department, graduation cohort, and sex.
A stratified random sample of 3013 full-time faculty at 24 representative US medical schools. All underrepresented minority faculty at these schools were sampled.
Attainment of senior academic rank (associate professor or full professor).
Of 3013 faculty surveyed, 1807 (60.0%) responded, including 1463 white (81.0%), 154 black (8.5%), 136 Asian (7.5%), and 54 Hispanic (3.0%). Overall, 980 faculty (54%) had attained senior academic rank, including 47 (30.5%) of 154 black faculty, 59 (43.4%) of 136 Asian faculty, 22 (40.8%) of 54 Hispanic faculty, and 852 (58.3%) of 1463 white faculty. White faculty had significantly more first-authored and total peer-reviewed publications than the other groups. After adjusting for the medical school, department, years as medical school faculty, number of peer-reviewed publications, receipt of research grant funding, proportion of time in clinical activities, sex, and tenure status, we found that the odds ratios of holding senior rank relative to white faculty were 0.33 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17-0.63) for black faculty, 0.36 (95% CI, 0.12-1.08) for Hispanic faculty, and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.30-1.12) for Asian faculty.
Minority faculty were less likely than white faculty to hold senior academic rank. This finding was not explained by potential confounders such as years as a faculty member or measures of academic productivity.
以往研究发现，与多数族裔教员相比，少数族裔医学院教员担任高级教授职位的人数较少，晋升速度可能也较慢。
在调整其他通常影响晋升的因素后，确定少数族裔教员获得高级职位（副教授或正教授）的可能性是否与多数族裔教员相同。
使用美国医学院协会数据库对美国医学院教员进行自我管理的邮寄调查。样本按系、毕业队列和性别分层。
从24所具有代表性的美国医学院中抽取3013名全职教员组成分层随机样本。这些学校中所有代表性不足的少数族裔教员均被纳入样本。
获得高级学术职位（副教授或正教授）。
在接受调查的3013名教员中，1807人（60.0%）回复，其中白人1463人（81.0%）、黑人154人（8.5%）、亚洲人136人（7.5%）、西班牙裔54人（3.0%）。总体而言，980名教员（54%）获得了高级学术职位，其中154名黑人教员中有47人（30.5%）、136名亚洲教员中有59人（43.4%）、54名西班牙裔教员中有22人（40.8%）、1463名白人教员中有852人（58.3%）。白人教员的第一作者和同行评审总发表量明显多于其他组。在调整医学院、系、担任医学院教员的年限、同行评审发表量、获得研究资助、临床活动时间比例、性别和终身职位状态后，我们发现，相对于白人教员，黑人教员担任高级职位的优势比为0.33（95%置信区间[CI]，0.17 - 0.63），西班牙裔教员为0.36（95%CI，0.12 - 1.08），亚洲教员为0.58（95%CI，0.30 - 1.12）。
少数族裔教员担任高级学术职位的可能性低于白人教员。这一发现无法用诸如教员任职年限或学术产出指标等潜在混杂因素来解释。
