Duma S M, Kress T A, Porta D J, Simmons R J, Alexander C L, Woods C D
University of Virginia, Automobile Safety Laboratory, Charlottesville 22902, USA.
Biomed Sci Instrum. 1997;33:106-11.
In an attempt to investigate eye injuries from airbags, a set of experiments was performed that involved the deployment of several types of airbags onto thirteen unembalmed, previously frozen cadaver heads. The airbags differed in the material, coating, presence of a tether, and folding pattern, and were deployed via a pneumatic deployment system. The eyes were impacted in situ after being repressureized with saline injected through a 30-gauge needle. Injury determination was achieved by ophthalmic ultrasound imaging, staining with fluorescein dye, and dissection. All twenty-six eyes revealed detached retinas, as shown by the ultrasound, before impact as a result of decaying tissue and the freezing process. High speed video and film were used to capture the events. The impact velocities of the airbags were recorded from the digitized film at the first contact location with the eye and ranged from 30 m/s to 66 m/s. Eyeglasses were placed on four of the specimens, and the presence of eyeglasses seemed to provide protection to the eye because of the lack of contact between the airbag and ocular region. Minimal ocular damage was recorded for all experiments.
为了研究安全气囊造成的眼部损伤，进行了一系列实验，包括将几种类型的安全气囊展开在13个未防腐、先前冷冻的尸体头部上。这些安全气囊在材料、涂层、是否有系绳和折叠方式上有所不同，并通过气动展开系统进行展开。在用30号针头注入生理盐水重新加压后，在原位对眼睛进行冲击。通过眼科超声成像、荧光素染料染色和解剖来确定损伤情况。如超声所示，由于组织腐烂和冷冻过程，所有26只眼睛在冲击前均显示视网膜脱离。使用高速视频和胶片来捕捉事件。从数字化胶片上记录安全气囊与眼睛首次接触位置的冲击速度，范围为30米/秒至66米/秒。在四个标本上佩戴了眼镜，由于安全气囊与眼部区域没有接触，眼镜的存在似乎为眼睛提供了保护。所有实验记录的眼部损伤都很轻微。
