Mostofsky S H, Reiss A L, Lockhart P, Denckla M B
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Child Neurol. 1998 Sep;13(9):434-9. doi: 10.1177/088307389801300904.
Evidence from animal and human research suggests that the cerebellum may play a role in cognition. This includes domains of executive function that are normally attributed to the prefrontal cortex and are typically deficient in individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To investigate cerebellar structure in ADHD, magnetic resonance imaging morphometry was used to measure the area of the cerebellar vermis in 12 males with ADHD and 23 male controls matched for age and Wechsler Full-Scale IQ. Analyses were conducted to evaluate group differences, as well as differences between matched pairs of subjects with ADHD and those without ADHD. All measurements were corrected for overall brain size. Both analyses revealed that the size of the posterior vermis was significantly decreased in males with ADHD (P < .05 in both analyses), and that within the posterior vermis, the inferior posterior lobe (lobules VIII-X) was involved in this reduction (P < .05 for group analysis, P < .005 for matched pair analysis), while the superior posterior lobe (lobules VI/VII) was not involved in the reduction. The finding of abnormal inferior posterior vermal size suggests that dysfunction within this region of the cerebellum may underlie clinical deficits seen in individuals with ADHD.
来自动物和人体研究的证据表明，小脑可能在认知中发挥作用。这包括通常归因于前额叶皮质且注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者通常存在缺陷的执行功能领域。为了研究ADHD患者的小脑结构，采用磁共振成像形态测量法测量了12名患有ADHD的男性和23名年龄及韦氏全量表智商相匹配的男性对照者的小脑蚓部面积。进行分析以评估组间差异，以及ADHD患者与非ADHD患者匹配对之间的差异。所有测量值均针对全脑大小进行了校正。两项分析均显示，患有ADHD的男性的后蚓部大小显著减小（两项分析中P均<0.05），并且在后蚓部内，下后叶（小叶VIII - X）参与了这种减小（组分析中P<0.05，匹配对分析中P<0.005），而上后叶（小叶VI/VII）未参与减小。下后蚓部大小异常的发现表明，小脑该区域的功能障碍可能是ADHD患者临床缺陷的基础。
