Gramunt-Fombuena N, Cejudo-Bolívar J C, Serra-Mayoral A, Guardia-Olmos J, Peña-Casanova J
Sección de Neuropsicología, Hospital Universitario del Mar.
Neurologia. 1998 Jun-Jul;13(6):277-86.
By abstract abilities is understood the ability of comprehend relations identifying the essential components and taking out from them a common feature. Its evaluation constitutes a great challenge for neuropsychology. Several studies have showed the influence of age and formal education in the performance of tests assessing these abilities.
To analyse the WAIS-style abstract abilities included in the abbreviated version of the Barcelona Test determining the influence of and formal education and obtaining more normative data for a Spanish population.
A sample of 264 subjects was randomly selected. The subtests of the Barcelona Test were administered in a single session to every subject. We selected the scores obtained in Arithmetic Problems (raw and timed), Similarities, Digit Symbol and Block Design (raw and timed).
The analysis of the variance showed statistically significant results of the selected items according to age and formal education. The formal education, as the lineal regression showed, resulted significant for all the items, being the Arithmetic Problems the only subtests not influenced significantly by the formal education.
The results obtained in this study are in general concordant to the ones of the reviewed bibliography.
抽象能力是指理解关系、识别基本组成部分并从中提取共同特征的能力。对其进行评估对神经心理学来说是一项巨大挑战。多项研究表明年龄和正规教育对评估这些能力的测试表现有影响。
分析巴塞罗那测试简版中包含的韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS）式抽象能力，确定年龄和正规教育的影响，并为西班牙人群获取更多常模数据。
随机选取264名受试者作为样本。对每位受试者在单一测试环节中进行巴塞罗那测试的各个分测验。我们选取了在算术问题（原始分和限时分）、相似性、数字符号和积木图案（原始分和限时分）中获得的分数。
方差分析表明，根据年龄和正规教育，所选项目具有统计学显著结果。正如线性回归所示，正规教育对所有项目都有显著影响，算术问题是唯一不受正规教育显著影响的分测验。
本研究所得结果总体上与所查阅文献的结果一致。
