Perrett D I, Oram M W, Ashbridge E
Psychological Laboratory, St. Andrews University, UK.
Cognition. 1998 Jul;67(1-2):111-45. doi: 10.1016/s0010-0277(98)00015-8.
In this paper we analyse the time course of neuronal activity in temporal cortex to the sight of the head and body. Previous studies have already demonstrated the impact of view, orientation and part occlusion on individual cells. We consider the cells as a population providing evidence in the form of neuronal activity for perceptual decisions related to recognition. The time course on neural responses to stimuli provides an explanation of the variation in speed of recognition across different viewing circumstances that is seen in behavioural experiments. A simple unifying explanation of the behavioural effects is that the speed of recognition of an object depends on the rate of accumulation of activity from neurones selective for the object, evoked by a particular viewing circumstance. This in turn depends on the extent that the object has been seen previously under the particular circumstance. For any familiar object, more cells will be tuned to the configuration of the object's features present in the view or views most frequently experienced. Therefore, activity amongst the population of cells selective for the object's appearance will accumulate more slowly when the object is seen in an unusual view, orientation or size. This accounts for the increased time to recognise rotated views without the need to postulate 'mental rotation' or 'transformations' of novel views to align with neural representations of familiar views.
在本文中，我们分析了颞叶皮质中神经元对头部和身体视觉的活动时间进程。先前的研究已经证明了视角、方向和部分遮挡对单个细胞的影响。我们将这些细胞视为一个群体，它们以神经元活动的形式为与识别相关的感知决策提供证据。神经对刺激的反应时间进程解释了在行为实验中观察到的不同观看情况下识别速度的变化。对行为效应的一个简单统一解释是，物体的识别速度取决于由特定观看情况引发的、对该物体有选择性的神经元活动的积累速率。这反过来又取决于该物体先前在特定情况下被看到的程度。对于任何熟悉的物体，更多的细胞会被调整到在最常经历的一个或多个视角中呈现的物体特征配置。因此，当物体以不寻常的视角、方向或尺寸被看到时，对物体外观有选择性的细胞群体中的活动积累会更慢。这就解释了识别旋转视图所需时间增加的现象，而无需假设“心理旋转”或对新视图进行“转换”以使其与熟悉视图的神经表征对齐。
